社区老年2型糖尿病患者生活方式与认知功能的关系
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王凤姣 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈天勇 |
| 关键词 | 2型糖尿病 老年人 生活方式 认知功能 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Relationship between lifestyle and cognitive function in community elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| 中文摘要 | Objective: Diabetes is a worldwide non-infectious disease that seriously threatens human health. In recent years, the prevalence rate is rising sharply. A number of studies have shown that diabetes affects the cognitive function of patients. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) related indicators and lifestyle (physical activity, intellectual and social activity participation, social support, etc.) and cognitive function in the elderly. To provide a basis for lifestyle intervention to improve cognitive function of the elderly with type 2 diabetes.Methods: A total of 132 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes[61 males, 71 females, mean age (66.26 ± 5.45) years] were selected from the internal medicine outpatient department of a community hospital in Beijing. Includes general information questionnaire and evaluated the patients in the elderly (PASE), and other physical activity scale general situation, disease condition and way of life, the immediate and delayed recall words, digit span, verbal fluency, digital countdown task cognitive assessment, with the sum of five cognitive task standard score for general cognitive ability. Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between lifestyle and cognitive function.Results: Univariate analysis showed that: (1) In terms of general information, there were statistically significant differences in the scores of immediate and delayed recall and verbal fluency tasks in elderly type 2 diabetes patients of different ages (ps < 0.05); There were statistically significant differences in the performance of immediate and delayed recall tasks among the elderly type 2 diabetes patients of different genders (ps < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the five cognitive tasks among elderly type 2 diabetes patients with different educational levels (ps < 0.001).(2) In terms of diabetes-related factors, there were statistically significant differences in number span, verbal fluency and number countdown task scores among elderly type 2 diabetes patients with different knowledge of diabetes (ps < 0.05); There was significant difference in hBA1c content in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (ps < 0.05). In elderly type 2 diabetes patients with different levels of fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, there was statistically significant difference in immediate recall scores (ps < 0.05). (3) In terms of lifestyle factors, sleep, smoking, drinking and physical activity had no statistical significance on the five cognitive scores (ps > 0.05). Eating more eggs, milk and fruit was associated with cognitive ability. Eating eggs had statistical significance on the numeral-reciprocal task performance, eating milk had statistical significance on the word fluency task performance, and eating fruit had statistical significance on the immediate and delayed recall task performance (ps < 0.05). The difference between intellectual and social activities on all cognitive tasks was statistically significant (ps < 0.001); There were statistically significant differences in the scores of the five cognitive tasks among the elderly type 2 diabetes patients with different social support (ps < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that Junior school/technical secondary school education or above, female, medium and more intelligence and social activities, and more social support were positively correlated with instant recall task performance (ps < 0.05). High school/technical secondary school education or above, female, medium/more social support positively correlated with delayed recall task performance (ps < 0.05); High school/technical secondary school education or above, more intelligence and social activities were positively correlated with number breadth task performance (ps < 0.05); Junior high school or above education, more intelligence and social activities, medium/high social support positively correlated with verbal fluency task performance (ps < 0.05); Junior high school and above education, more intellectual and social activities, more social support were positively correlated with numerically reciprocal task performance (ps < 0.05); The education of junior high school or above, moderate/more intelligence and social activities, more social support and overall cognitive ability were positively correlated (ps < 0.05).Conclusion: Active blood glucose control is beneficial to cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, and more intellectual activities, social participation and social support may be lifestyle protective factors for cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. |
| 英文摘要 | 目的：糖尿病是一种严重威胁人类健康的世界范围的非传染性疾病。近年来，患病率急剧上升，多项研究已表明糖尿病影响患者的认知功能。本研究在于探讨2型糖尿病(Diabetes mellitus type 2, T2DM)老年人糖尿病相关指标、生活方式(身体活动、智力与社会活动参与、社会支持等)与认知功能之间的关系，为改善2型糖尿病老年人认知功能的生活方式干预方法提供依据。方法：在北京某社区医院内科门诊选取132例 2型糖尿病老年患者[男61例，女71例，平均年龄(66.26 ± 5.45)岁]。采用自编一般资料调查表、老年人身体活动量表(PASE)等评估患者一般情况、疾病情况与生活方式，采用即时与延迟词语回忆、数字广度、言语流畅性、数字倒数任务进行认知能力评估，以五项认知任务标准分数之和为总体认知能力。使用单因素分析、多元线性回归分析方法，探究生活方式与认知功能之间的关系。结果：单因素分析结果表明：(1) 在一般资料方面，不同年龄的老年2型糖尿病患者，即时与延迟回忆、言语流畅性任务成绩差异有统计学意义(ps < 0.05)；不同性别的老年2型糖尿病患者，即时与延迟回忆任务成绩差异有统计学意义(ps < 0.05)；不同受教育程度的老年2型糖尿病患者，五项认知任务成绩差异均有统计学意义(ps < 0.001)。(2) 在糖尿病相关因素方面，对糖尿病知识掌握情况不同的老年2型糖尿病患者，数字广度、言语流畅性、数字倒数任务成绩差异有统计学意义(ps < 0.05)；老年2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白含量不同，其即时回忆任务成绩有统计学意义(ps < 0.05)；空腹血糖与餐后2小时后血糖含量不同的老年2型糖尿病患者，即时回忆成绩差异有统计学意义(ps < 0.05)。(3) 在生活方式因素方面，睡眠、吸烟、饮酒、身体活动情况均对五项认知成绩影响均无统计学意义(ps > 0.05)。多食用蛋类、奶类、水果与认知能力有关，食用蛋类对数字倒数任务成绩影响具有统计学意义，食用奶类对词语流畅性任务成绩影响具有统计学意义，食用水果对即时与延迟回忆任务成绩影响具有统计学意义(ps < 0.05)；智力与社会活动对所有认知任务成绩的差异均具有统计学意义(ps < 0.001)；不同社会支持的老年2型糖尿病患者，五项认知任务成绩差异均具有统计学意义(ps < 0.05)。多元回归分析结果表明，初中及以上受教育、女性、中等与较多智力与社会活动、较多社会支持对即时回忆任务成绩正向关联(ps < 0.05)；高中/中专及以上受教育、女性、中等/较多社会支持对延迟回忆任务成绩正向关联(ps < 0.05)；高中/中专及以上受教育、较多智力与社会活动对数字广度任务成绩正向关联(ps < 0.05)；初中及以上受教育、较多智力与社会活动、中等/较多社会支持对言语流畅性任务成绩正向关联(ps < 0.05)；初中及以上受教育、较多智力与社会活动、较多社会支持对数字倒数任务成绩正向关联(ps < 0.05)；初中及以上受教育、中等/较多智力与社会活动、较多社会支持与总体认知能力正向关联(ps < 0.05)。结论：积极控制血糖对2型糖尿病老年人认知功能有益，较多智力活动、社会活动的参与和社会支持可能是老年2型糖尿病患者认知功能的生活方式保护因素。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45233]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王凤姣. 社区老年2型糖尿病患者生活方式与认知功能的关系[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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