父母与青少年子女自我控制的代际传递机制分析
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王展 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 自我控制 代际传递 共同养育 焦虑 主客体互倚 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Analysis of the intergenerational transmission mechanism of self-control among adolescents and their parents |
| 中文摘要 | Self-control is an important psychological function. It is the ability of individuals to suppress or control behaviors that do not conform to expectations or standards without being influenced by impulses and temptations. Self-control plays a crucial role in the independent management and effective control of teenagers' psychology, physiology and behavior. Low level of self-control will lead to many psychological and behavioral problems of teenagers, such as aggressive behavior, Internet addiction, unhealthy lifestyle and so on. The negative effects may also be long-lasting across time. Low self-control in childhood predicts lower income and educational attainment in adulthood, the study found. Therefore, in-depth study on the formation and mechanism of adolescent self-control is of great significance for improving adolescent psychological behavior problems and promoting their healthy growth and development.The study included 729 junior and senior high school students aged 12-18 and their fathers and mothers. A total of 1,580 valid questionnaires (551 mother-child pairs, 322 father-child pairs, and 166 father-mother-child pairs) were collected by using Self-Control Scale, Generalized Anxiety Scale, Co-Parenting Scale and other anonymous electronic questionnaires. In this study, t test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences in self-control level, co-parenting level and anxiety level of parents in different characteristic groups. In this study, the multiple mediating model of AMOS structural equation model and the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) were used to explore the influence mechanism of parental self-control on the intergenerational transmission of self-control in children, and to investigate the possible mediating role of parental co-parenting (child rating) and child anxiety. And the subject-object interaction between parental self-control and parental co-parenting (parents rating) and parental anxiety.The results of this study are as follows: (1) For self-control, the mean score of self-control level of the older, non-only-child and resident students was significantly higher. (2) For co-parenting, the score of mother’s conflict and triangulation dimensions (father rating) were significantly higher than those of father’s (mother rating). The score of boys' mother’s cooperative dimension was significantly higher than that of girls' mother’s. The scores of boys' father’s conflict and triangulation dimensions were significantly higher than those of girls' father’s. When mothers with higher education, the score of mother’s co-parenting (father rating) in conflict dimension was significantly higher. (3) The structural equation model showed that self-control level had intergenerational transmission effect among adolescents, and it had indirect effect through multiple mediating effects of co-parenting level (child rating) and child anxiety level. (4) The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model showed that the self-control levels of fathers and mothers had both subjective and object effects on the prediction of fathers' and mothers' anxiety levels; parental self-control significantly predicted children's self-control through maternal anxiety. (5) The predictive effect of self-control level of father and mother on co-parenting level of father and mother had both subject effect and object effects; parental self-control significantly predicted children's self-control through the level of co-parenting. Conclusion: There are multiple mediating effects between parental co-parenting level (child rating) and child anxiety in the intergenerational transmission of self-control. Parental self-control and parental anxiety have both spillover effects and crossover effects. Maternal anxiety has a significant mediating effect on the intergenerational transmission of self-control. There are both spillover effects and crossover effects between parental self-control and the co-parenting level of father and mother. The co-parenting level of father and mother has a significant mediating effect on the intergenerational transmission of self-control. |
| 英文摘要 | 自我控制是一种重要的心理机能，是个体能够不受冲动和诱惑的影响，压制或控制那些不符合期待或标准的行为出现的能力。自我控制对青少年的心理和行为的自主管理和有效掌握起着至关重要的作用，低水平的自我控制会导致青少年多方面的心理行为问题，如攻击行为、网络成瘾、不健康的生活方式等。同时其消极影响还可能具有跨时间的长效性，研究发现孩童时期的低自我控制可以预测成年后更低的收入和教育程度。因此，深入研究青少年自我控制的形成及其机制，对于改善青少年心理行为问题，促进其健康成长和发展有着重要意义。本研究以729名12-18岁初、高中学生及其父亲和母亲为研究对象。采用自我控制量表、广泛性焦虑量表、共同养育量表等，通过匿名填写电子问卷的形式，共回收有效问卷1580份（其中母子配对551组，父子配对322组，三人配对166组）。本研究采用t检验、单因素方差分析，比较不同特征群体中父亲母亲自我控制水平、共同养育水平和焦虑水平的差异。采用AMOS结构方程模型中的多重中介模型和主客体互倚模型（APIM），多方探讨父母自我控制对子女自我控制代际传递的影响机制，考察父母共同养育（子女评）、子女焦虑在其中可能的中介作用，以及父母自我控制与父母共同养育（父母评）、父母焦虑之间的主客体互倚效应。本研究的结果如下：①在自我控制上，年龄更大、非独生、住校子女的自我控制水平得分显著偏高。②在共同养育上，母亲共同养育（父亲评）的教养冲突和牵扯孩子维度得分显著高于父亲共同养育（母亲评）的得分。男孩母亲共同养育（父亲评）的教养合作维度得分显著偏高。男孩父亲共同养育（母亲评）的教养冲突和牵扯孩子维度得分显著偏高。母亲学历高，母亲共同养育（父亲评）的教养冲突得分显著偏高。③结构方程模型显示，自我控制水平在青少年中存在亲子代际传递效应，且通过父母共同养育水平（子女评）和子女焦虑水平的多重中介作用产生间接效应。④主客体互倚模型显示，父亲和母亲自我控制水平对父亲和母亲焦虑水平的预测作用既有主体效应又有客体效应；父母自我控制水平通过母亲焦虑显著预测子女的自我控制水平。⑤父亲和母亲自我控制水平对父亲和母亲共同养育水平的预测作用既有主体效应又有客体效应；父母自我控制水平通过父亲和母亲的共同养育水平显著预测子女的自我控制水平。研究结论：自我控制亲子代际传递中，父母共同养育水平（子女评）和子女焦虑存在多重中介效应。父母自我控制与父母焦虑既存在溢出效应，又存在交叉效应。母亲焦虑在自我控制的代际传递中存在显著的中介效应。父母自我控制与父亲和母亲的共同养育水平既存在溢出效应，又存在交叉效应。父亲和母亲的共同养育水平在自我控制的代际传递中存在显著的中介效应。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45259]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王展. 父母与青少年子女自我控制的代际传递机制分析[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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