父母心理控制对青少年职业决策困难影响的定性与定量分析
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王熠霖 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 职业决策困难 心理控制 自我表露 抑郁 青少年 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | A Qualitative and Quantitative Study of Influence of Parental Psychological Control on Adolescent Career Decision-Making Difficulties |
| 中文摘要 | Career planning is a complex process, and there is an urgent need for adolescents to make important career decisions as they are expected to decide what to study and what educational institution they will go to. In a new era of rapid changes and development of new technologies, individuals may face more career decisions in their lifetime. This makes career decision-making as an essential skill that plays an incalculable role in the career and personal development. Environmental inputs and parenting styles are closely related to the individual and cognitive development of adolescents. A beneficial family environment and a functional parent-child relationship are essential for the wellness of adolescents, while negative parenting styles may lead to poor or ineffective parent-child communications, and potentially cause behavioral and internalizing problems. This may make adolescents vulnerable and prone to make irrational or irresponsible decisions at this critical life stage. Entering puberty, adolescence is a time for growing needs for autonomy. The use of the intrusive parenting style and manipulative strategies have a considerable negative impact on parent-child relationships, posing threats to adolescent’ physical and psychological wellness, and exploratory behaviors. Studies have shown that parenting styles are closely related to career decision-making difficulties. However, few literatures combine envirmental factors and individual factors to explore the mechanism of career decision-making difficulties, and there is also a lack of relevant research on Chinese adolescents. The current study explores the relationship between parental psychological control and career decision-making difficulties, as well as the roles of depression and self-disclosure using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. The current study consists of two parts. Study 1: Select 9 high school students to conduct a qualitative analysis of the difficult situation and help-seeking behavior of high school students in career decision-making. Study 2: A total of 712 adolescents aged from 13-18 completed the self-reported measures of the Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire, Perceived Psychological Control, CES-D and Self-disclosure Scales. The quantitative study explored the relations between psychological control and career decision-making difficulties. The results of Study 1 show that career decision-making difficulties and adolescent’ coping strategies emerged as the core category, it included six main categories: sources of career decision-making difficulties, coping strategies, sources of social support, intervening factors, catalysts, and characteristics of ideal source of social support. The results of study 2 show that there were significant differences in the scores of career decision-making difficulties across different groups, the results varied on one child/not, gender, age, parent's educational backgrounds and family annual incomes. Boys, younger ages, non-only children’s groups, lower levels of parental education and lower family income, are associate with significantly higher scores in career decision-making difficulties. Correlation analyses showed that both maternal and paternal psychological control and adolescent career decision-making difficulties were positively correlated with each other; both maternal and paternal psychological control were positively correlated with adolescent depression, and were negatively correlated with adolescent self-disclosure; adolescent depression was positively correlated with their career decision-making difficulties; and self-disclosure to their mother and father were negatively correlated with their career decision-making difficulties, respectively. The multiple mediation modeling indicated that neither maternal psychological control nor paternal psychological control had a significant direct effect on adolescent career decision-making difficulties. In the mother’s model, psychological control exerted the indirect effects through the mediating roles of both adolescent depression and their self-disclosure to mothers; in the father’s model, the effect of paternal psychological control on adolescent career decision-making difficulties mainly relied on the indirect effect of adolescent depression. In the relationship between psychological control and adolescent career decision-making difficulties, the effect of paternal psychological control was fully mediated by adolescents' depression, and the effect of maternal psychological control was mediated by the multiple mediating effects of adolescent’s depression and their self-disclosure to mothers. The results of current research show that (1) adolescent career decision-making difficulties may arise from different sources, among which parents’ influence plays an important role; (2) adolescents’ coping strategies for coping with career decision-making difficulties differs, adolescents’ may opt for positive strategies (such as actively seeking help) and passive strategies (such as escaping, avoiding); (3) among various sources of social support for career decision-making, adolescents may have divergent experiences with mothers and fathers; there is also a gap between what adolescents’ considered as the ideal source of social support and their real-life choices of social support;(4) higher maternal and paternal psychological control were related to more difficulties in career-decision making; (5) adolescents’ self-disclosure to their mothers and their depression mediated the relationship between maternal psychological control and career decision-making difficulties, and adolescent depression played a mediating role in father’s psychological control and career decision-making difficulties; The current study provides evidence and sheds light on the influence of parenting styles and family environment on adolescents' career decision-making difficulties. Implications for potential interventions are discussed. |
| 英文摘要 | 职业生涯规划的多元性和选择性在中学这一时期凸显，客观上促使学生在青少年阶段开始思考生涯规划，面对职业相关决策。当今世界处于发展与变革时代，个体一生将可能面临更多次数的职业决策，这使得职业决策作为一项必备技能，对个体的职业生涯发展及个人发展起着不可估量的作用。家庭环境及教养方式与青少年的个体发展情况息息相关。负面教养方式可能导致家庭内部不良或无效的亲子沟通方式，并引起青少年内化问题的发生。这可能会使青少年在这一关键时期成为不理性或不负责任的决策者。而侵入性教养方式的使用，危害青少年的心理健康自主发展并影响青少年的探索行为。研究表明教养方式与职业相关的决策困难紧密相关，但现有研究缺乏将家庭因素、个体因素综合起来深入探讨职业相关决策困难的形成机制，本研究通过定量研究及质性研究相结合的方式，探讨父母心理控制与青少年这一关键阶段职业决策困难的关系与机制。 本研究由两部组成。研究一采用定性研究设计：选取9名年龄在16-19岁的青少年进行访谈，对青少年职业决策困难的情况和应对策略进行探索性的定性分析。研究二采用定量研究设计：使用职业决策困难问卷、父母心理控制量表、自我表露问卷、流调中心抑郁量表等，对来自各地共712名13-18岁青少年的有效问卷进行分析，探索父母心理控制和职业决策困难的关系，考察抑郁和青少年自我表露在其中的多重中介作用。 研究一结果显示，通过使用扎根理论的研究范式，呈现出职业决策困难及青少年的应对策略的核心范畴，其中包含职业决策困难的来源、应对策略、社会支持渠道、影响因素、催化剂以及理想社会支持渠道特征六个主范畴。研究二结果显示：（1）在青少年的职业决策困难得分上，是否独生、性别、年龄、家长教育背景及家庭收入的得分均有显著差异。男生、年龄更小、非独生、父母学历以及家庭收入越低，职业决策困难的得分较高。（2）相关分析显示母亲和父亲的心理控制均与青少年的职业决策困难呈显著正相关；母亲和父亲心理控制均与青少年的抑郁呈显著正相关，与青少年对他们的自我表露呈负相关；青少年的内化问题与他们的职业决策困难呈正相关；对母亲/父亲的自我表露分别与职业决策困难呈负相关；（3）结构模型方程显示，母亲和父亲的心理控制对青少年职业决策困难的直接效应均不显著。在母亲模型中，心理控制的影响是通过青少年内化问题和他们对母亲的自我表露分别的间接效应产生的；在父亲模型中，心理控制对职业决策困难的影响则主要是通过青少年的内化问题实现的。在父母心理控制对职业决策困难的影响中，青少年抑郁完全中介了父亲心理控制的作用，而母亲心理控制的作用则是通过青少年抑郁和他们对母亲自我表露的多重中介作用产生的。 研究结论：（1）青少年的职业决策困难存在多方面的来源，其中父母的影响起重要作用；（2）青少年应对职业决策困难的应对策略表现出积极（如积极寻求帮助）和消极（如搁置、回避）的差异；（3）在职业决策困难的支持资源中，父母呈现出差异性，实际采用的资源与理想资源也存在着差距；（4）父母心理控制越多，青少年职业决策困难越多；（5）母亲心理控制与青少年职业决策困难的关系主要是以青少年对母亲的自我表露和其抑郁为中介，而父亲心理控制与职业决策困难的关系仅以青少年抑郁为中介。本研究为教养方式及家庭环境对青少年职业决策困难的影响提示了佐证和干预思路。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45260]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王熠霖. 父母心理控制对青少年职业决策困难影响的定性与定量分析[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。