工作时间对女性科技工作者抑郁的影响
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 苏燕 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 女性 工作时间 睡眠质量 抑郁 孩子 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The effect of working hours on depression in female science and technology workers |
| 中文摘要 | Long working hours negatively affect the mental health of working women, especially depression in women, and sleep quality is considered to be a high risk factor for depression. The study found a strong relationship between working hours and sleep quality, with longer working hours leading to poorer sleep quality. On the other hand, the effect on women's sleep quality could also be the result of a combination of work and family commitments. For working women with children, childcare is an important family task that takes up a lot of time outside of work. To better understand the relationship between these variables and the mechanism by which work hours influence depression in women, it is necessary to investigate the role of sleep quality, which is influenced by both objective work hours and subjective feelings, and to consider whether children enhance the mediation process. With the development of society, the quality and quality of talents have become the concentrated expression of national strength, and scientific and technological workers are a very important force. At the same time, science and technology workers are also a group with higher education, higher intelligence and pursuit. Compared with the general public, they suffer from greater psychological pressure and conflict and are more likely to suffer from depression.Part 1 Research Purpose: To explore the mediating role of sleep quality in the effect of working hours on depression. Methods: The work, sleep and depression of female workers in the National Survey of Psychological Status of Scientific and technological Workers were selected as data sources. The data were collected by the Depression Scale of Flow Control Center and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, and 6130 valid samples were obtained. The mediation model was used to explore the mediating effect of sleep quality. Results: Working hours had an effect on depression of female scientific workers through sleep quality, and the mediating effect of sleep quality was established.Part 2 Research Purpose: To explore whether the presence of children plays a reinforcing role in the mediation model of the first part of the study. Methods: Further collated and selected the data of the first part of the study, selected 4306 young and middle-aged female workers between the age of 20 and 49, and analyzed the distribution of the number of children (0-3 children) (520 children).According to the sample number of female workers without children (0 children), nearly equal samples (500 people) were randomly selected from workers with children (1-3 children), which were combined into a new data set for inter-group differentiation analysis and moderated mediation model analysis with the moderating variable of "having children or not". Results: The presence or absence of children did not enhance the mediating effect in any of the three mediating pathways.Conclusions: (1) sleep quality plays a mediating role in the effect of working hours on depression among female scientific workers. The increase in working hours may reduce the amount of sleep an individual has, be associated with overwork, reduce the amount of time an individual has to relieve fatigue, and reduce the autonomic determination of sleep, thus affecting sleep quality. Poor sleep quality leads to a series of physiological changes that can lead to the onset or exacerbation of depression in individuals. (2) The presence or absence of children did not enhance the mediation effect in the three mediation pathways. It may be related to the fact that the direct prediction effect of working hours on depression was not significant in the mediation model, that the Pittsburgh scale did not differentiate the influence of the first child on parents' sleep, and that the child factor itself was not the key factor to increase the risk of depression in women. |
| 英文摘要 | 工作时间过长对职业女性的心理健康带来消极影响，尤其是对女性的抑郁有显著的预测效应，睡眠质量被认为是引发抑郁的高风险因素。研究发现，工作时间和睡眠质量关系密切，工作时间越长睡眠质量越差。另外，女性睡眠质量也可能是工作和家庭事务共同作用的结果，对有孩子的职场女性来说，育儿是家庭中一项重要任务，会占用大量工作之外的时间。想要更好地了解这些变量之间的关系，了解工作时间对女性抑郁的影响机制，就需要研究即受客观工作时间影响又会对主观抑郁感受起作用的睡眠质量在其中所起的作用，同时需要考虑孩子因素在其中所起的作用。随着社会的发展，人才素质和人才质量成为国力的集中表现，而科技工作者是其中非常重要的一支力量。同时，科技工作者也是受到过较高教育，有更高的智力和追求的群体，相比普通大众承受着更大的心理压力和冲突，更容易遭受抑郁的困扰，因此本研究选取女性科技工作者为研究对象。第一部分研究 研究目的：探究睡眠质量在工作时间对抑郁影响机制中的中介作用。 研究方法：选取2009年全国科技工作者心理状况第一轮调查数据中女性工作者的部分作为数据来源，对其中的工作时间、睡眠质量和抑郁数据进行分析。抑郁数据采用流调中心抑郁量表收集，睡眠质量通过匹兹堡睡眠质量问卷进行采集，最终得到6130份有效样本。采取中介模型探索睡眠质量的中介作用。研究结果：工作时间通过睡眠质量对女性科技工作者的抑郁产生影响，睡眠质量的中介效应成立。第二部分研究 研究目的：探索是否有孩子在中介模型中是否起增强性调节作用。研究方法：对第一部分研究数据作整理和抽选，选取年龄在20-49岁之间青壮年女性工作者4306人，进行孩子数量（0-3孩）分布分析（ 0孩520人，占比12%；1孩3666人，占比85%），根据没孩子的女性工作者（0孩）样本数量从有孩子（1孩）的工作者中随机抽选出接近等量样本（500人），合并成新数据集进行组间差异化分析和调节变量为“是否有孩子”的有调节的中介模型分析。研究结果：是否有孩子在中介模型三条路径中均不起增强性调节作用。研究结论：（1）睡眠质量在女性科技工作者的工作时间对抑郁的影响中起中介作用。工作时间增长可能会缩减个体的睡眠时间、代表更重的工作负荷、减少个体缓解疲劳的时间、降低个体睡眠自主决定性，从而影响睡眠质量。睡眠质量低下导致一系列的生理变化引发个体抑郁的产生或者加重。（2）是否有孩子在中介模型三条路径中均不起增强性调节作用。可能是因为中介模型中工作时间对抑郁的直接预测作用不显著，匹兹堡量表对1孩对父母睡眠影响的区分度不够以及孩子因素本身不是增加女性抑郁风险的关键因素有关。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45272]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 苏燕. 工作时间对女性科技工作者抑郁的影响[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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