新冠疫情下风险信息对民众应对行为的影响机制：风险认知的中介作用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 焦松明 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 高文斌 |
| 关键词 | 新冠肺炎疫情 风险认知 心理台风眼效应 情绪引导 应对行为 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The impact mechanism of COVID-19's risk information on public's coping behavior: intermediary role of risk cognition |
| 中文摘要 | At present, the frequent occurrence of various natural disasters and the complex international situation, the world is involved in a deeper risk vortex. From the perspective of risk perception, this study takes people's perception of risk information as the entry point to explore the influencing factors and internal mechanisms of people's special psychological behaviors during COVID-19 events.This study includes three sub-studies: Sub-study 1: The cognitive characteristics of people coping with risks under the COVID-19 outbreak. Objective: To understand the current situation of people's risk perception in the context of COVID-19, and to explore the influencing factors of people's risk perception information through qualitative and quantitative research. Methods: An online survey was conducted at the beginning of 2020, using epidemic information perception questionnaire and risk perception assessment questionnaire. Results: In terms of risk information, cure information and disease information had the greatest impact on people's risk perception. Compared with SARS in 2003, the "etiology" of influencing factors changed from the unfamiliar and uncontrollable end to the controllable and familiar end. Sub-study 2: The "Psychological Eye Effect" of public perception in the context of COVID-19. Objective: To continue to explore the psychological law of the public in the face of risk information, and to reveal the deep-rooted reasons for the public's risk cognition by analyzing the two dimensions of familiarity and control degree. Methods: Two rounds of online surveys were conducted in 2020, including epidemic information perception questionnaire, risk perception assessment questionnaire and psychological stress questionnaire. Results: The people in Wuhan as the center of the epidemic area showed the "Psychological Eye Effect", in the face of the disaster prone to numbness, accustomed to the state of mind. In addition, the correct disclosure of epidemic information and data can help ease unnecessary panic among people far away from the affected areas. It can also guide people in severely affected areas to abandon their insensitive perceptions and better cooperate with the government, so as to effectively reduce the cost of epidemic prevention and control policy implementation. Sub-study 3: The influence mechanism of risk information on public coping behavior: the mediating role of risk perception. Objective: To further explore the relationship between risk information, risk perception and coping behavior. Methods: A round of survey was continued, which mainly involved the epidemic information perception, risk perception assessment, psychological stress and coping behavior survey. Results: COVID-19 information had an impact on people's coping behavior through risk perception, which once again verified the applicability of risk prediction model. This paper verifies the moderating effect of public emotion in the structural model through the test of mediating moderating effect, which provides a scientific basis for emotional counseling. The results showed that :(1) in terms of risk perception, cure information and disease information had the greatest impact on people's risk perception, which was significantly higher than that of information closely related to oneself and prevention and control measures; (2) Compared with the research results of the spatial map of risk perception factors during SARS in 2003, the "etiology" of COVID-19 virus has shifted from the unfamiliar and uncontrollable end to the controllable and familiar end, indicating that people's risk perception ability has been greatly improved compared with 2003. However, "the effect of healing on the body" and "whether infectious" are still at the unfamiliar and uncontrollable end. There was no significant difference between the four types of risk information when people evaluated the size of risk information. (3) The "Psychological Eye Effect" exists in people in the epicenter of COVID-19 in China. Therefore, people's psychological paralysis should be avoided to prevent the epidemic from rebounding. (4) Epidemic information has an important impact on people's coping behavior and emotional experience through risk perception. Psychological stress moderates the mediating relationship between risk perception and coping behavior, which verifies the applicability of the risk prediction model proposed in this study. (5) Risk information and psychological stress are important variables affecting people's coping styles, as well as the basis for emotional guidance, providing a certain theoretical basis and management countermeasures for dealing with unconventional emergencies. |
| 英文摘要 | 当前，各类自然灾害频发与错综复杂的国际局势下，全球被卷入更深的风险漩涡。本研究从风险认知的角度，以民众的风险信息感知为切入点，对新冠肺炎事件中人们的特殊心理行为的影响因素及其内在机制进行了探索。本研究包括三项子研究：子研究一：新冠疫情下民众应对风险的认知特征研究。目的：了解新冠疫情背景下民众在风险认知上的现状，并通过定性和定量研究，探索民众风险认知信息方面的影响因素。方法：在2020年年初进行了网上调查，采用了疫情信息感知问卷、风险认知评估问卷。结果：在风险信息上，治愈信息和患病信息对民众的风险认知影响最大，与课题组2003年SARS期间相比，影响因素 “病因”从不熟悉和不可控的一端转向可控和熟悉一端。子研究二：新冠疫情下民众认知的“心理台风眼效应”研究。目的：对民众面对风险信息的心理规律继续进行探索，通过熟悉程度和控制程度两个维度进行分析，揭示出民众风险认知的深层次原因。方法：在2020年进行了二轮网上调查，采用了疫情信息感知问卷、风险认知评估问卷、心理紧张度问卷。结果：以武汉为中心疫区的民众呈现出“心理台风眼效应”，在面对灾难时容易出现麻木、习以为常的心态。此外，对于疫情信息数据的正确披露，有助于缓解远离疫情地区的民众不必要的恐慌；也能引导重度疫情地区的民众摒弃麻木认知，更好配合政府工作，以有效降低疫情防控的政策执行成本。子研究三：风险信息对民众应对行为的影响机制：风险认知的中介作用。目的：进一步探索风险信息、风险认知与应对行为之间的关系。方法：继续采用一轮调查的被试人员，本次调查主要涉及疫情信息感知、风险认知评估、心理紧张度和应对行为调查四个问卷。结果：新冠疫情信息通过风险认知对民众的应对行为产生了影响，这再一次验证了风险预测模型的适用性；通过有中介的调节效应的检验，验证了民众情绪在结构模型中的调节效应，为进行情绪疏导提供了科学依据。研究结果表明：（1）在风险信息感知上，治愈信息和患病信息对民众的风险认知影响最大，它显著地高于与自身关系密切的信息和防控措施的影响；（2）与2003年SARS期间风险认知因素空间位置图的研究结果相比较，新冠肺炎病毒的“病因”从不熟悉和不可控的一端转向可控制和熟悉性一端，这说明，民众的风险认知能力比2003年有较大的改善，但“愈后对身体的影响”和“有无传染性”仍然处于不熟悉和不可控制的一端。民众评估风险信息大小时，四种风险信息之间的差异并不显著。（3）处于我国新冠肺炎疫情中心地带的民众，存在着“心理台风眼效应”，为此，应避免民众的麻痹心理，以防止疫情反弹。（4）疫情信息通过风险认知对民众的应对行为、情感体验产生了重要的影响。心理紧张度调节了风险认知在风险信息与应对行为之间的中介关系，这验证了本研究提出的风险预测模型的适用性。（5）风险信息和心理紧张度是影响民众应对方式的重要变量，也是情绪引导的依据，为后来应对非常规突发事件提供了一定的理论依据和管理对策。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45276]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 焦松明. 新冠疫情下风险信息对民众应对行为的影响机制：风险认知的中介作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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