最后通蝶博弈中抑郁症患者规范适应的心理机制和神经基础
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 高连禄 |
| 答辩日期 | 2023-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 周媛 |
| 关键词 | 规范适应性 抑郁症 计算建模 最后通碟博弈 功能磁共振 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | Psvchological mechanism and neural basis of norm adaptation in batients with major depressiye disorder in ultimatum game |
| 中文摘要 | Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder that impairs social function. Social cognition is an important factor in determining social functioning. More and more researchers are beginning to focus on the social cognitive impairments in MDD. Social norms are behavioral guidelines that apply to interpersonal interactions, allowing people to identify and respond to behavior that violates social norms, demonstrating norm adaptation. Studying the social cognition from the perspective of norm adaptation provides a new approach to MDD studies. Fairness is an important social norm, often studied by using the ultimatum game (UG) in the laboratory. Previous studies have found that depressed patients exhibited abnormal behavior as responders in the UG, suggesting a maladaptation to social norms. However, there is currently no empirical researches on this, and it is not clear about the neural basis of poor social norm adaptation in depressed patients. To explore the psychological mechanisms and neural basis behind abnormal ultimatum game behavior in patients with MDD, this study recruited patients with MDD and healthy controls to play the ultimatum game as responders and conducted two studies from the perspective of norm adaptation. The aim of the study 1 was to verify whether decision-making behavior during the UG was abnormal in patients with MDD and then to explore the underlying psychological mechanisms from the perspective of norm adaptation through computational modeling analysis. The participants in this study were from two different datasets (dataset 1:121 participants, patients/healthy controls: 66/55, male/female: 51/70, mean age 26.96 years; dataset 2: 101 participants, patients/healthy controls: 52/49, male/female: 34/67, mean age 27.61 years). Conventional statistical analysis and computational modeling analysis were performed on the decision-making behavior of each dataset and the merged dataset. Using conventional statistical analysis, the study found that depressed patients exhibited abnormal decision-making behavior in the UG, as their acceptance rates were significantly lower than those of healthy controls in all three datasets (ps<0.001).Furthermore, computational modeling analysis revealed that in all three datasets, depressed patients had significantly lower fairness norm learning rates than healthy controls (dataset 1:89% HDIs: [-0.07，-0.01】;dataset 2: 89% HDIs: [-0.10，-0.02]; merged dataset: 89% HDIs: [-0.07，-0.03]); in the merged dataset, patients were significantly more sensitive to unfairness than healthy controls（βh、:89% HDIs: [0.00, 0.04];βc。:89% HDIs: [0.00, 0.05]). Study 2 aimed to explore the neural basis of abnormal ultimatum game behavior in patients with MDD from the perspective of social norm adaptation by combining computational modeling and functional neuroimaging analysis methods. 52 patients and 49 healthy controls from dataset 2 were included in the study, and all participants completed the UG task as responders while being scanned in the scanner. The study used model-based functional neuroimaging analysis methods to examine the differences in brain activity modulated by key parameters of the computational model, such as norm prediction error (PE), between patients with MDD and healthy controls during the UG task. The study also examined the relationship between key parameters in the best model and brain activity and furthermore investigated whether brain activity mediated the relationship between participant type and behavioral performance (model key parameters) and thus explored the neural basis of abnormal behavior in patients with MDD. The main results of the study are as follows: (1) using brain activation detection analysis, the study found that the interaction effect of participant type and fairness level significantly influenced the activation level of the right inferior cerebellar (cluster level FWE p<0.05); (2) using parameter analysis with PE as a key parameter of the computational model, the study found that as the PE increased, the degree of negative modulation of brain activity in the left middle occipital gyros, right cerebellum, angular gyros, and middle frontal gyros in the healthy control group was higher than that in the patient group (cluster level FWE p<0.05); (3) the brain-behavioral analysis between the learning rate and the brain activity modulated by PE found that the degree of modulation of brain activity in multiple brain regions by PE was negatively correlated with the learning rate, including the medial prefrontal cortex, bilateral middle frontal gyri, right inferior parietal lobule, left inferior frontal gyros, and left anterior insula. Further analysis found that the degree of modulation of the medial prefrontal cortex, left middle frontal gyros, right inferior parietal lobule, and left anterior insula by PE mediated the relationship between subject type and learning rate. In summary, this study innovatively adopts a computational modeling analysis method and traditional behavioral analysis methods, and explores the psychological mechanism of depressed patients' abnormal decision-making behavior from the perspective of social norm adaptation through behavioral experiments. And by combining computational modelling and functional neuroimaging analyses, this study explores the neural basis behind depressed patients' abnormal behavior. The results of this study confirmed the existence of abnormal decision-making behavior in UG in patients with MDD, revealed the poor norm adaptation in these patients indicated by the reduced learning rate through computational modeling analysis, and also revealed that the brain activities modulated by PE in prefrontal cortex, anterior insula and other brain regions play an important role in explaining poor fairness norm adaptation in patients with MDD. These findings deepen the understanding of the social dysfunction in patients with MDD, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of interventions and rehabilitation measures to improve the social function of patients with MDD. |
| 英文摘要 | 抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍，患者表现出持续而严重的社会功能受损。社会认知是决定社会功能的重要因素。越来越多研究者开始关注抑郁症的社会认知障碍。社会规范是适用于人际交往的行为准则，人们可以识别违反社会规范的行为并针对性地做出行为反应，体现出社会规范适应性((norm adaptation) 。从社会规范适应角度来研究抑郁症的社会认知，为抑郁症研究提供了新思路。公平(fairness)是一种重要的社会规范，在实验室中通常采用最后通蝶博弈范式(ultimatum game, UG)进行研究。既往研究发现抑郁症患者作为方案回应者在最后通蝶博弈中表现出异常行为，提示其可能存在社会规范适应不良，但目前还没有实证研究，也不清楚抑郁症患者社会规范适应不良背后的神经基础。因此，为了探索抑郁症患者异常最后通蝶博弈行为背后的心理机制和神经基础，本研究以抑郁症患者和健康对照为研究对象，以最后通蝶博弈任务为研究范式，从社会规范适应角度开展了两个研究: 研究一旨在验证抑郁症患者存在最后通蝶博弈行为异常，并采用计算建模分析方法从规范适应角度探索其背后的心理机制。本研究的被试来自2个不同的数据集(数据集1: 121名被试，患者/健康对照:66/55，男/女:51/70，平均年龄26.96岁;数据集2: 101名被试，患者/健康对照:52/49，男/女:34/67平均年龄27.61岁)。分别对每个数据集和合并数据集的被试在最后通蝶博弈中作为回应者的决策行为进行常规统计分析和计算模型分析。常规统计分析发现，抑郁症患者在最后通蝶博弈中的决策行为存在异常，表现为在三个数据集中，抑郁症患者的接受率均显著低于健康对照（βs<0.001)。进一步计算建模分析发现:在三个数据集中，抑郁症患者公平规范学习率均显著低于健康对照(数据集1: 89% HDIs: [-0.07，-0.01 ];数据集2: 89% HDIs: [-0.10，-0.02];合并数据集:89% HDIs: [-0.07, -0.03] );在合并数据集中，患者对不公平的敏感度显著高于健康对照（βh:89% HDIs: [0.00, 0.04];刀。:89% HDIs: [0.00, 0.05] ) 。 研究二旨在结合计算建模和脑功能影像学分析方法，从规范适应角度探索抑郁症患者异常最后通蝶博弈行为的神经基础。研究纳入来自数据集2的52例患者和49例健康对照，所有研究对象作为方案回应者在扫描仪内完成最后通蝶博弈任务。本研究采用基于模型的脑功能影像学分析方法，考察抑郁症患者和健康对照在最后通蝶博弈任务中受规范预期偏差等计算模型关键参数调节的脑功能活动差异，并考察模型关键参数和脑功能活动的关联，探索脑功能活动是否介导了被试类型和行为学表现(模型关键参数)的关系，以此探究抑郁症患者异常行为背后的神经基础。主要研究结果如下:(1)采用激活区检测分析，研究发现被试类型和公平水平的交互效应显著影响右侧小脑下部的激活水平(cluster level FWE p<0.05); (2)以规范预期偏差作为关键计算建模参数，通过参数分析发现，随预期偏差增加，健康对照组左侧枕中回、右侧小脑、角回和额中回的脑活动水平受预期偏差负向调节的程度高于抑郁症患者(cluster level FWEp<0.05); (3)学习率与预期偏差调节脑活动的脑一行为学分析发现，在多个脑区脑活动受规范预期偏差调节的程度与学习率负相关，这些脑区包括内侧前额叶皮层、双侧额中回、右侧顶下小叶、左侧额下回、左侧前脑岛;进一步分析发现，内侧前额叶皮层、左侧额中回、右侧顶下小叶和左侧前脑岛受规范预期偏差调节的程度在被试类型和被试学习率间起中介作用。 综上所述，本研究除了采用传统行为学分析方法分析数据外，还创新地采用计算建模的分析方法，从社会规范适应角度，通过行为学实验探索了抑郁症患者异常最后通蝶博弈行为的心理机制;结合计算建模分析和脑功能影像分析方法，探索了抑郁症患者异常行为背后的神经基础。本研究的结果验证了抑郁症患者存在最后通蝶博弈行为异常，通过计算建模分析揭示了抑郁症患者存在规范适应不良(学习率降低)，同时揭示了前额叶皮层、前脑岛等受规范预期偏差所调节的脑功能活动在理解抑郁症患者公平规范适应不良中所起的作用。这些研究发现加深了对抑郁症患者社会功能不良的理解，为发展抑郁症患者社会功能的干预和康复措施提供了理论基础。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45204]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 高连禄. 最后通蝶博弈中抑郁症患者规范适应的心理机制和神经基础[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2023. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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