社会发展水平在传染病流行环境中对防疫规范服从的影响及进化视角下的心理机制
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 刘若婷
|
| 答辩日期 | 2023-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 李岩梅 |
| 关键词 | 社会发展 人类发展指数 传染病 服从 基础社会动机 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | The Effect of Human Development Index on Compliance with Ebidemic Prevention Norms and the Psychological Mechanism from an Evolutionary Perspective |
| 中文摘要 | During pandemic, compliance with epidemic protection norms is important for controlling the spread of disease, improving individual and group survival rates and maintaining social stability. Previous studies have revealed regional discrepancies in compliance, which appear to be associated with the level of social development. However, there is a dearth of systematic research and exploration of psychological mechanisms. Evolutionary psychology has long emphasized the socio-ecological environment of human evolution, offering a theoretical framework for elucidating how the environment shapes individual psychology and behavior. Evolutionary psychology proposes that human psychological mechanisms and behavioral strategies have evolved as adaptations to the environment, and that our ancestors gradually developed a motivational system that guided their behavior towards the evolutionary goal of genetic perpetuation. The resource availability and the mortality risk in the socio-ecological environment impact the cost-benefit analysis of motives, which subsequently affects individual motive trade-offs and decisions regarding behavior. In the face of a severe existential crisis of an infectious disease epidemic, avoidance of pathogens and active maintenance of partner and kinship relationships to maximize the probability of genetic continuation are the main drivers of behavior. The low level of normative compliance towards epidemic prevention norms observed in highly developed social environments may be attributed to the reduced pathogenic threat resulting from the availability of medical and economic resources. This reduced threat, in turn, diminishes the adaptive gains of both types of motives, leading to behavioral biases. Based on this, three studies were conducted to systematically investigate the relationship between social development and individual compliance with epidemic prevention norms, and the psychological mechanisms from an evolutionary perspective, through open data sets, big data, and large sample online surveys. Additionally, the stability of this psychological process will be confirmed through validation of the consistency of the effect in different levels of the social environment (national, provincial and prefectural). This study will use the Human Development Index (HDI), the most widely used and comprehensive social indicator, to measure the level of social development. Study 1 collected cross-cultural datasets from two different sources (containing 53 and 71 countries, respectively) to explore the relationship between the social development at the country level and individual compliance with epidemic prevention norms. Results indicated that after controlling for individual gender and age, as well as COVID-19 severity, government response and individualism at the country level, there was still a significa Focusing on the same cultural and political context, Study 2 examines the relationship between social development and individual epidemic prevention normative compliance and its underlying evolutionary psychological mechanisms at the provincial level. This is achieved by analyzing the online behavioral data of Chinese Weibo users (22,588) using word frequency analysis and psychological modeling techniques. The results suggested that HDI at the provincial level has a significant negative relationship with compliance to epidemic prevention, even after controlling for culture, epidemic severity, government response, and demographic structure. The multilevel mediation model showed that the mediation effects of disease avoidance and familial motives were significant in this relationship. Study 3 employed large sample online surveys to explore the role of social development level in shaping individual motives and normative compliance, while further differentiating the various dimensions of familial motives. A total of 1672 questionnaires were collected in the pre-survey, covering 11 cities, and it was preliminarily verified that HDI was negatively related to familial motives (includes mate retention, kin care (family), and kin care (child) motives); in addition, the results showed that disease avoidance and familial motives positively influenced compliance. The formal survey expanded the sample to collect a total of 6122 data across 31 cities. The results indicated that city-level HDI still significantly negatively related to individual compliance after controlling for individual gender, age, and COVID一19 severity of the city. 2小1 multilevel mediation models were constructed, and the results revealed that disease avoidance, mate retention, kin care (family), and kin care (child) motives significantly mediated the relationship between city-level social development and compliance. These studies systematically illustrate how social development influences individual compliance during pandemics, including the evolutionary psychological mechanisms underlying this relationship, at the national, provincial, and city levels. These findings not only provide theoretical enrichment and expansion of the psychological processes through which social-ecological environments shape individual behavior, but also offer practical assistance in understanding normative compliance behavior during pandemics and behavioral changes in different social environments. Additionally, they provide a psychological basis for the formulation and implementation of epidemic prevention policies, which can better equip us to respond to possible future health crises.nt negative correlation between HDI and individual compliance. |
| 英文摘要 | 传染病大流行环境下，服从疫情防护规范对控制疾病蔓延、提高个体及群体生存率以及维护社会稳定具有重要意义。以往研究显示防疫规范的服从存在地区差异，且这种差异呈现出与社会发展水平有关的趋势，但目前尚缺乏系统的研究以及对心理机制的探讨。 进化心理学始终关注人类进化过程中的社会生态环境，为解释环境对个体心理和行为的塑造方式提供了理论框架。进化心理学认为人类的心理机制和行为策略是适应其所处环境的结果，为了实现基因延续的进化目标，祖先逐渐发展出一套适应性动机系统引导行为。社会生态环境中的资源可用性及死亡风险影响了动机的适应性成本一收益分析，进而影响了个体的动机权衡和行为选择。面对传染病流行的严峻生存危机，回避病原体以及积极维系伴侣、亲属关系可以最大程度提高基因延续概率，是行为的主要驱动力。高发展水平社会环境中显现的低防疫规范服从行为，可能是由于环境提供的医疗、经济等资源降低了病原体威肋、，降低了这两类动机的适应性收益进而产生行为偏差。 基于此本研究开展了三项研究，分别采用公开数据集、微博大数据以及大样本问卷调查，系统性探究了社会发展水平与个体疫情防控规范服从行为的关系，以及进化视角下的心理机制，并在不同社会环境层次上(国家、省、地级市)验证了这一心理过程的稳定性。本研究将采用人类发展指数这一应用最广的、综合性的社会指标来衡量社会发展水平。 研究一收集了两个不同来源的跨文化数据集(分别包含53和71个国家和地区)，探究国家层次上的社会发展水平与个体疫情防控规范服从的关系。多层线性模型分析结果表明，控制个体的性别、年龄以及国家的COVID-19严重程度、政府规范力度和个体主义文化倾向后，人类发展指数仍然与个体的防疫规范服从存在显著负向关系。 研究二聚焦同一文化和政治制度背景，通过对中国微博用户(22588位)的在线行为数据进行词频分析和心理建模，在省层次上探究社会发展水平与防疫规范服从的关系及其进化心理机制。多层线性模型结果表明，在控制文化、疫情严重程度、政府规范力度以及人口分布结构等变量后，省层次的人类发展指数与个体的防疫规范服从仍具有负向关系;此外，跨层中介模型结果显示，在这一关系中，疾病防御动机和家庭相关动机的中介效应显著。 研究三采用在线问卷调查方法进一步区分基础社会动机的不同维度，探究社会发展水平对个体动机以及防疫规范服从的塑造作用。预调查共收集1672份问卷数据，涉及11个城市，初步验证了城市水平的人类发展指数与家庭相关动机存在负相关关系;此外，线性回归分析结果表明，个体水平上疾病防御和家庭相关动机对防疫规范服从具有促进作用。正式调查扩大样本范围，共收集6122份数据，涉及31个城市。多层线性模型分析结果表明，在控制个体的性别、年龄以及城市层次的COVID-19严重程度后，城市层次的人类发展指数仍然与个体的防疫规范服从具有显著负向关系。跨层中介模型分析结果表明，疾病防御、伴侣维系、关爱家人、养育子女动机显著中介了社会发展水平和防疫规范服从之间的关系。 以上研究从国家、省和城市层面系统地刻画了在传染病流行背景下社会发展水平对个体防疫规范服从的影响及其进化心理机制。这些发现从理论层面上，为理解社会生态环境因素对个体心理行为的塑造作用提供了理论框架以及实证支持;在实践层面上，为理解传染病环境中的防疫规范服从行为以及在不同社会环境中的行为变化提供帮助，并为防疫政策的制定和实施提供心理学依据，以更好地应对未来可能来临的卫生危机。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45211]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘若婷. 社会发展水平在传染病流行环境中对防疫规范服从的影响及进化视角下的心理机制[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2023. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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