ObjectiveRoad safety has been a major global concern for many decades, and traffic accidents caused by the risky driving behavior of bus drivers have resulted in huge casualties and property losses. Unlike other drivers, bus drivers face unique driving conditions, but there has been limited research investigating the personal and work-related factors that influence bus drivers' driving behaviors and the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the relationships among personal resources, job resources, job demands, burnout, and driving behavior of Chinese bus drivers by utilizing the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model.MethodsA bus driving behavior questionnaire was compiled for Chinese bus drivers, and 401 bus drivers completed scales that measured personal resources, job resources, job demands, job burnout, and driving behavior. Exploratory factor analysis and pathway analysis were conducted to analyze the data.ResultsThe exploratory factor analysis revealed that the bus driving behavior questionnaire could be divided into four dimensions: impatient driving tendency, careful driving tendency, anxious driving tendency, and fatigue driving tendency. Each dimension demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency reliability (greater than 0.8). Pathway analysis indicated that personal resources, job resources, and job demands had varying effects on driving behavior, and job burnout played a mediating role in these relationships.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide evidence of the reliability and validity of the Chinese bus drivers' driving behavior questionnaire and shed light on the influence of personal resources, job resources, job demands, and burnout on bus drivers' driving behavior. These findings support the JD-R model in the context of driving safety and suggest that bus organizations could take relevant measures to enhance the psychological well-being of bus drivers, reduce risky driving behavior, and prevent traffic accidents.