云南元江干热河谷引种乳油木（Vitellaria paradoxa）的物候学、果实产量及营养成分研究
文献类型：学位论文
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| 作者 | 吴丽情 |
| 答辩日期 | 2020-05 |
| 导师 | 许建初 |
| 英文摘要 | Shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa c. f. g. aertn.) is an edible oil crop native to the African tropics or subtropical savannas. The plant is highly adaptable to its environ-ment, the trunk is a good wood, the flesh is edible, the skin and leaves of the extracts possess antibacterial effects, and crucially, the nut can be used to produce shea butter. In 1964, Mr. CAI Xitao, a famous botanist, introduced shea trees from Ghana and cul-tivated them in Yuanjiang. There are more than 800 of them growing strong at present. There have been in-depth studies on oil composition, oil extraction technology, and the planting status of shea tree at home and abroad, but there have been few studies on phenology, fruit yield and fruit nutrient changes after introduction to a new climate, potentially hindering further cultivation. In order to improve plant cultivation, harvesting and management while also promotinge the expansion offurther cultivation in dry valley regions, this study uses a random sample of 100 shea trees to observe phenological phase changes, calculate the % FI (Fournier Index) and Synchrony Index, and document the phenological characteristics of wood and flowering synchronization. We used a Step regression lin-er model with R software to analyze the phenological stages, soil characteristics and geographical factors of the shea tree planting locations and study the relationship be-tween each phenological stage and external environmental variables. The effects of different variables on shea tree fruit yields were evaluated by PLS (Partial Least Squares) regression analysis with the fruit yield per plant of shea tree as the prediction variable and the biological characteristics and geographical factors of trees as the re-sponse variables. Nutritive components of the fruit were analyzed and evaluated using modern phytochemical extraction and analysis methods. The main research results are as follows: 1. It takes 1 to 4 weeks for the shea tree to grow buds; the time from initial bud-ding to flower opening is 2-4 weeks; and the time from flower opening to flower set-ting is 5-14 days, with an average of 10 days. Most of the plants begin to form fruit after 2 weeks of flower loss. The small fruit has spicules at the top that eventually fall off. 2. The average fresh fruit weight of a single fruit was about 22.04g-24.56g, and the average kernel weight of a fresh seed was about 8.128g-8.932g. Compared with the African origin in Ghana, the fruit in Yuanjiang is larger and its flesh thicker. 3. Compared with the African origin, the biological characteristics and pheno-logical event durations of the shea tree planted in Yuanjiang are basically the same. The flowering phenological period lasts about 5-6 months, and the fruit takes about 6 months from development to maturity. 4. The flowering synchronism of shea trees was relatively high (88.4% of the sample sites had overlapping flowering periods), showing s |
| 源URL | [http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74192]  |
| 专题 | 昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 吴丽情. 云南元江干热河谷引种乳油木（Vitellaria paradoxa）的物候学、果实产量及营养成分研究, Study on phenology, fruit yield and nutrient composition of shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa ) introduced in the Dry-Hot Valley of Yuanjiang, Yunnan province[D]. 2020. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明植物研究所
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