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TSC-VEE: A TrustZone-Based Smart Contract Virtual Execution Environment

文献类型：期刊论文

作者Jian, Zhaolong8,9,10; Lu, Ye1,2,3,5,8; Qiao, Youyang8,10; Fang, Yaozheng8,10; Xie, Xueshuo1,4,6,8; Yang, Dayi7; Zhou, Zhiyuan; Li, Tao1,3,6,8
刊名IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
出版日期2023-06-01
卷号34期号:6页码:1773-1788
ISSN号1045-9219
关键词Smart contracts Blockchains Memory management Switches Codes Public key Optimization Blockchain smart contract solidity program language TrustZone virtual execution environment
DOI10.1109/TPDS.2023.3263882
英文摘要TrustZone as a trusted execution environment (TEE) has been proven to preserve the confidentiality of blockchain transactions supported by smart contracts. Despite some academic effort, TrustZone can only support limited languages for now. The lack of the corresponding execution environment for smart contracts seriously hinders blockchain applications from directly running on TrustZone. In this paper, we design the first virtual execution environment named TSC-VEE for performing Solidity smart contracts on TrustZone, to the best of our knowledge. TSC-VEE can be decomposed into fourfold: (1) an instruction set adapted to the isolation and world switching mechanism of TrustZone. (2) a runtime memory management mechanism that provides a pair of instructions with the corresponding processing mechanism to allocate and release the work memory. (3) a hybrid granularity resource analysis algorithm which computes and records the value of maximum stack height and static gas cost through bytecode pre-execution, avoiding runtime overflow and invalid computations. (4) a cross-isolation-environment prefetching approach that supports loading and storing the storage data from the normal world into the secure world on TrustZone before execution, thus avoiding switching the world state frequently at runtime. Extensive experimental results show that TSC-VEE can perform smart contracts correctly and efficiently on TrustZone. Compared with the most commonly used Ethereum client-Geth, TSC-VEE achieves execution performance improvements by $9.29\times$9.29x. We also implement the Ethereum virtual machine-evmone on TrustZone. TSC-VEE can reduce the latency by 12.63% with our optimization techniques, and decrease the work memory footprint by 22.95% on average when executing various scale contracts.
资助项目CCF-AFSG Research Fund[CCF-AFSG RF20210031] ; CCF-Huawei Populus Grove Fund[CCF-HuaweiTC2022005] ; National Natural Science Foundation[62002175] ; Open Project Fund of State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture, Institute of Computing Technology ; Chinese Academy of Sciences[CARCHB202016] ; Open Project Foundation of Information Security Evaluation Center of Civil Aviation, Civil Aviation University of China[ISECCA-202102]
WOS研究方向Computer Science ; Engineering
语种英语
出版者IEEE COMPUTER SOC
WOS记录号WOS:000992499400009
源URL[http://119.78.100.204/handle/2XEOYT63/21221]  
专题中国科学院计算技术研究所期刊论文_英文
通讯作者Lu, Ye
作者单位1.Nankai Univ, Coll Cyber Sci, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
2.Nankai Univ, Inst Syst & Networks, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Comp Technol, State Key Lab Comp Architecture, Beijing 100045, Peoples R China
4.Key Lab Blockchain & Cyberspace Governance Zhejia, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China
5.Tianjin Key Lab Network & Data Sci Technol, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
6.Tianjin Key Lab Network & Data Sci Technol, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
7.Ant Grp, Blockchain Platform Div, Beijing 100000, Peoples R China
8.Nankai Univ, Coll Comp Sci, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
9.Key Lab Blockchain & Cyberspace Governance Zhejia, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China
10.Tianjin Key Lab Network & Data Sci Technol, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 Jian, Zhaolong,Lu, Ye,Qiao, Youyang,et al. TSC-VEE: A TrustZone-Based Smart Contract Virtual Execution Environment[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS,2023,34(6):1773-1788.
APA Jian, Zhaolong.,Lu, Ye.,Qiao, Youyang.,Fang, Yaozheng.,Xie, Xueshuo.,...&Li, Tao.(2023).TSC-VEE: A TrustZone-Based Smart Contract Virtual Execution Environment.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS,34(6),1773-1788.
MLA Jian, Zhaolong,et al."TSC-VEE: A TrustZone-Based Smart Contract Virtual Execution Environment".IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 34.6(2023):1773-1788.

入库方式： OAI收割

来源：计算技术研究所

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