Abstract The human brain is the most complex material system in the world, with lifelong plasticity in its structure and function. From the perspective of health and development, it is proposed that the essence of sports is to practice the whole brain science education process within the framework of sports scenes and individual interactions. Based on the plasticity of the brain, this paper summarizes the current research status at home and abroad in the field of sports and physical education, focusing on the development of psychological abilities and health promotion in children and adolescents. It analyzes the brain mechanisms involved in the related effects, elaborates on the critical impact of diverse sports behaviors on the development of the large brain of primary and secondary school students with individual differences, and proposes the viewpoint and path that future brain science research achievements must he organically integrated with physical education activities. Not only does it help to better understand the general laws of physical education shaping the human brain in educational activities, reveal the underlying mechanisms behind the impact of exercise on individual psychological development in the early stages of life, but it also provides beneficial and feasible scientific insights for the current methods and curriculum reform of school physical education.

人脑是世界上最复杂的物质系统,其结构与功能具有终身可塑性.从健康与发展的角度,提出了体育在运动场景和个体相互作用的框架下可以重塑全脑的观点.基于大脑的可塑性,梳理了国内外体育运动领域聚焦于儿童青少年心理能力发展与心理健康促进的研究的现状,分析了体育运动相关作用发生的大脑机制,阐述了多样化的运动行为对具有个体差异的中小学生的大脑发育产生的关键性影响,提出了脑科学研究成果在未来必须与体育教育活动进行有机融合的观点和路径,不仅有助于更好地理解教育活动中体育运动重塑人脑的一般规律,以及揭示运动影响个体早期心理发展的原理,而且对现阶段学校体育教育的方法和课程改革具有有益启示.

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31671163）;中国科学院心理研究所科学基金(E2CX3815CX) ;河南省高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（NSFRF210456) ;河南理工大学人文社科基金(SKND2022-16) 。