Objective Exploring the relationship between adolescents' sense of life purpose and depression as well as the moderating effect of grade, in order to provide evidence for the situation of sense of life purpose among Chinese adolescents. Methods A total of 1 627 adolescents from grade 4 to 9 in Hebei and Yunnan provinces were selected as the research subjects by using convenient cluster sampling method. The survey was conducted by using the Depression Self-Dating Scale for Children and the Revised Youth Purpose Survey, and stratified regression was used for moderating effect analysis with a simple slope test were statistically significant differences in the score of depression among adolescents of different fenders，mother's Results There education level, father's education level, family economy and academic; performances( t/F=-2.70, 3.62, 2.82, 13.67，13. 81，P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the score of sense of life purpose among adolescents of different mother's education level, father's education level, family economy and academic; performances(F=3.24, 4.27，7.50, 9.39，P<0.01) . Correlation analysis showed that adolescents' sense of life purpose was significantly negatively correlated with depression( r=-0.38，P<0.01) . Hierarchical regression model results showed that adolescents' sense of life purpose significantly negatively predicted depression(β=-0. 19 t=-5.93，P<0.01). Grade played a moderating role between adolescents' sense of life purpose and depression (β=-0. 34，t= -7.54, P<0.01) . The simple slope test showed that depression decreased as the sense of life purpose increased in primary school students( grades 4-6) and in middle school students( grades 7-9)，and the decrease of the middle school students was greater(β= -0.19，-0.53 , t=-5.93，-16.15, P<0.01). Conclusion The sense of life purpose negatively predicted depression of adolescents，and grade moderated the relationship between the sense of life purpose and depression. Compared with students in grades 4- 6, the improvement of life purpose of middle school students have a more significant protective effect on depression.

目的 探讨青少年生活目标感与抑郁症状的关系以及年级的调节作用,为了解中国青少年生活目标感的现状提供实证依据.方法 采用方便整群抽样方法在河北、云南共选取1 627名四至九年级青少年为研究对象,采用儿童抑郁障碍自评量表、青少年目标问卷进行调查.运用分层回归进行调节效应分析,并进行简单斜率检验.结果 不同性别、母亲受教育程度、父亲受教育程度、自评家庭经济水平、学习成绩的青少年抑郁得分差异均有统计学意义(t/F值分别为-2.70,3.62,2.82,13.67,13.81,P值均＜0.01),不同母亲受教育程度、父亲受教育程度、自评家庭经济水平、学习成绩的青少年生活目标感得分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.24,4.27,7.50,9.39,P值均＜0.01).相关分析表明,青少年生活目标感与抑郁症状呈负相关(r=-0.38,P＜0.01).分层回归模型结果显示,青少年生活目标感负向预测抑郁症状(β=-0.19,t=-5.93,P＜0.01),年级在生活目标感和抑郁症状之间起调节作用(β=-0.34,t=-7.54,P＜0.01).简单斜率结果显示,小学组(四至六年级)、初中组(七至九年级)抑郁水平均随生活目标感提高而降低(β值分别为-0.19,-0.53;t值分别为-5.93,-16.15;P值均＜0.01),其中初中组降低的幅度更大.结论 青少年生活目标感可负向预测抑郁症状,年级调节了生活目标感与抑郁症状的关系,相对于四至六年级小学生,初中生生活目标感的提高对抑郁症状的保护作用更突出.

资助基金：国家社会科学基金 ( 17BSH096 ) 中国青少年发展基金会梅赛德斯-奔驰星愿基金项目 ( H21032 )