Objective To establish the self-concept growth curve of school-age children and adolescents in China discover developmental rules, and find and intervene developmental deviations early. Methods Relying on the accelerated longitudinal cohort data for healthy children and adolescents from "Chinese Color Nest Project: growing up in China" (devCCNP)，399 typically developing children and adolescents(62 completed two longitudinal waves)completed the Piers-Harris children's self-concept scale(PHCSS)to assess developmental levels of self-concept, and then a generalized additive mixed model(GAMM)was proposed to construct their growth curves. Results The modeling of growth curves indicated that the global self-concept scores decreased linearly with age in girls, and increased at first and then decreased in boys, showing an inverted U-shaped curve. Meanwhile, the main effects of physical appearance and attributes (P= 0. 044) and freedom from anxiety (P< 0.001)were significant between the two groups. Conclusion School-age children and adolescents develop their self-concept differently in gender. The growth curves showed a continuous reduction of the self-concept in girls and a turning point at the age of 10 in boys. Both girls and boys experience dramatic changes of freedom from anxiety, and more attention should be paid by school and family education practice.

目的 建立我国学龄期儿童青少年自我概念的生长发育曲线,探索其发展规律,以便及早发现发展偏离并给予干预.方法 依托"彩巢计划—成长在中国"(Chinese Color Nest Project:growing up in China,devCCNP)健康儿童青少年加速纵向队列数据,使用Piers-Harris儿童自我概念量表(Piers-Harris children's self-concept scale,PHCSS)测量 399 名典型发展儿童青少年的自我概念发展水平(其中 62 人完成两次追踪测试),并据此建立广义可加混合模型(generalized additive mixed model,GAMM)绘制生长曲线.结果 生长曲线建模显示:女生的自我概念量表总分随年龄增长呈线性下降趋势,而男生则表现为先升后降的倒"U"型趋势;同时,组间主效应在躯体外貌与属性(P=0.044)和焦虑(P<0.001)2 个维度上显著.结论 学龄期儿童青少年的自我概念发展规律有性别差异,女生稳步下降,而男生在 10 岁左右出现转折,并且均呈现动荡的焦虑变化.学校教育和家庭养育都应给予更多关注.

基金项目 国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD296 )