Artificial coloration of ancient agate beads: a mineralogical study
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Li, Xiaoguang1; Xue, Haozhong1,2; Wu, Xinhua5; Qin, Dahai4; Chen, Daiming4; Yuan, Jiangyan1; Tang, Zihua3 |
| 刊名 | HERITAGE SCIENCE
 |
| 出版日期 | 2023-09-13 |
| 卷号 | 11期号:1页码:12 |
| ISSN号 | 2050-7445 |
| 关键词 | Ancient beads Carnelian Agate alpha-quartz Moganite |
| DOI | 10.1186/s40494-023-01039-7 |
| 英文摘要 | The process of staining was frequently employed to enhance or alter the color of agate beads in ancient times. One of the key challenges in studying ancient beads is comprehending the intricate techniques employed to color agate stones. An understanding of the staining mechanism from a mineralogical standpoint offers insights into the level of technological advancement in different civilizations. In this study, the mineral structure of eight ancient agate beads from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, NW China, was analyzed using Micro X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) techniques. The color, transparency, mineral phase, and surface roughness of the beads were examined, revealing variations ranging from colorless to light violet to dark violet. Raman and FTIR spectroscopy were employed to determine the SiO2 phase and the changes in optical characteristics of agate beads after artificial staining. The black color of the beads was formed by carbon penetration, while the red color was produced by heating. The coexistence of alpha-quartz and moganite phases in the red, the dark red, the black, the idiochromatic white and the part translucent zones of the ancient beads was confirmed by the 464 cm(-1) peak of alpha-quartz and the 502 cm(-1) peak of moganite phase. The analyzed red, the dark red, the black, the idiochromatic white and the part translucent zones exhibited remarkably similar FTIR spectral features, with two prominent bands at similar to 1097 and similar to 1187 cm(-1), as well as two weak bands at 798 and 778 cm(-1), indicating the presence of moganite and alpha-quartz in the unetched ancient beads. In contrast to the idiochromatic white appearance of natural agate, the scattered white coloration in etched beads was generated by an etching reaction. Both Raman and FTIR spectroscopy indicated the absence of moganite in etched beads, indicating that the scattered white color was produced by the loss of moganite and a portion of alpha-quartz, resulting in a rough surface. |
| WOS关键词 | MICRO-RAMAN ; GLASS-BEADS ; MOGANITE ; SILICA ; CHALCEDONY ; IDENTIFICATION ; SPECTROSCOPY ; ORIGIN ; CHERT ; MICROSPECTROSCOPY |
| 资助项目 | The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. |
| WOS研究方向 | Arts & Humanities - Other Topics ; Chemistry ; Materials Science ; Spectroscopy |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 出版者 | SPRINGER |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:001066251000001 |
| 资助机构 | The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. ; The authors are indebted to Chunlei Qin and Jonathan Mark Kenoyer for their invaluable support. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful feedback that improved this manuscript. |
| 源URL | [http://ir.iggcas.ac.cn/handle/132A11/110861]  |
| 专题 | 地质与地球物理研究所_岩石圈演化国家重点实验室 地质与地球物理研究所_中国科学院新生代地质与环境重点实验室 |
| 通讯作者 | Tang, Zihua |
| 作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, State Key Lab Lithospher Evolut, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China 2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, Key Lab Cenozo Geol & Environm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Social Sci, Inst Archaeol, Xinjiang Archeol Team, Korla 841001, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Social Sci, Inst Archaeol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Li, Xiaoguang,Xue, Haozhong,Wu, Xinhua,et al. Artificial coloration of ancient agate beads: a mineralogical study[J]. HERITAGE SCIENCE,2023,11(1):12. |
| APA | Li, Xiaoguang.,Xue, Haozhong.,Wu, Xinhua.,Qin, Dahai.,Chen, Daiming.,...&Tang, Zihua.(2023).Artificial coloration of ancient agate beads: a mineralogical study.HERITAGE SCIENCE,11(1),12. |
| MLA | Li, Xiaoguang,et al."Artificial coloration of ancient agate beads: a mineralogical study".HERITAGE SCIENCE 11.1(2023):12. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：地质与地球物理研究所
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