In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of railway transportation,train drivers should keep a positive mental state at all times.According to the task characteristics and working environment of train drivers,psychological states that directly and indirectly affect safety performance were put forward through literature analysis.In addition,their status,causes,and relationship with safety performance were analyzed.The results show that the incidence of stress,anxiety,depression,and burnout is higher among train drivers.High load,distraction,fatigue,and burnout have adverse effects on the safety performance of train drivers.Furthermore,high load,distraction,and fatigue can impair cognitive ability and thus reduce safety performance.Stress,anxiety,and depression can change cognitive ability by affecting mood and attitude and thus influence the safety performance of train drivers.The psychological state of train drivers is not positive,and managers need to pay close attention to the above psychological states to prevent the occurrence of safety incidents.

为保障铁路运输安全和效率,火车司机需要时刻保持良好的心理状态。结合火车司机的任务特征和作业环境,通过文献分析的方法,提出对安全绩效产生直接和间接影响的心理状态,并分析火车司机群体各心理状态的现状、产生原因及与安全绩效间的关系。结果表明:火车司机群体的压力、焦虑、抑郁、倦怠发生率较高。高负荷、分心、疲劳、倦怠会对火车司机安全绩效产生不良影响;高负荷、分心、疲劳会通过损害认知能力降低安全绩效;压力、焦虑、抑郁会通过影响情绪、态度影响认知能力,进而对火车司机安全绩效产生影响。火车司机群体心理状态不佳,管理者需要密切关注以上心理状态,防止安全事件发生。

铁路行业机车乘务员心理健康标准研究项目(SHTL-21-23)