In order to solve the problem of poor sleep quality of shift workers,various factors affecting the sleep quality of shift workers were discussed based on literature analysis.In addition,corresponding intervention strategies were analyzed from the perspective of intervention principle,content,and effect.Results show that the main factors influencing shift workers’sleep quality are shift planning,organizational support,physical environment,individual differences,and family and social support.The intervention strategies supported by more empirical studies are scientific shift schedules,light interventions,and cognitive behavioral interventions.However,appropriate intervention conditions should be selected according to the actual needs and limitations.The number of studies on napping,exercise,and relaxation techniques is relatively small,and these techniques are usually used with other intervention techniques.Therefore,further research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine techniques.As a result,scientific shift schedules,light interventions,and cognitive behavioral interventions are promising intervention methods to improve the sleep quality of shift workers.

为解决轮班工人睡眠质量差的问题,基于文献分析方法,探讨影响轮班工人睡眠质量的各种因素,并从干预原理、内容和效果的角度,分析相应的干预策略。研究结果表明:轮班工人睡眠质量的主要影响因素有工作轮班计划及组织支持、物理环境、个体差异、家庭和社会支持。得到较多实证研究证据支持的干预策略为轮班时间表科学化、光线干预、认知行为干预,但需结合实际需求和限制选择适宜的干预条件;小睡、锻炼和放松技术总体研究的数量偏少且多配合其他干预技术使用;补充和替代医学技术的有效性有待进一步研究确认。轮班时间表科学化、光线干预、认知行为干预是改善轮班工人睡眠质量较有前景的干预方式。

国能朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司科技创新项目(SHTL-21-23)