Tracking two decades of global gallium stocks and flows: A dynamic material flow analysis
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Han, Zhongkui1,2,3; Liu, Qiance3; Ouyang, Xin4; Song, Huiling5; Gao, Tianming1,2; Liu, Yanfei6; Wen, Bojie1,2; Dai, Tao1,2 |
| 刊名 | RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
 |
| 出版日期 | 2024-03-01 |
| 卷号 | 202页码:9 |
| 关键词 | Gallium Byproduct Material flow analysis Supply and demand balance Recycling Industrial ecology |
| ISSN号 | 0921-3449 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107391 |
| 通讯作者 | Wen, Bojie(wenbj@cags.ac.cn) ; Dai, Tao(eagledai@126.com) |
| 英文摘要 | Gallium (Ga) has recently garnered significant attention as a crucial byproduct element due to its crucial role in advancing low-carbon technologies and its globally imbalanced supply-demand. Understanding the global Ga flows and stocks can contribute to discovering ways to mitigate potential supply risks. In this study, we applied a material flow analysis to map the global Ga cycle from 2000 to 2021. Our results reveal the following results: (1) Over the past two decades, a cumulative 15.3% (313240.8 tons) of the total Ga reserves has been consumed through host metals (i.e., bauxite and zinc ores) mining. However, affected by actual demand, only 5549.7 tons of Ga have been extracted. Moreover, China has gradually become the dominant supplier of primary Ga globally, relying on its robust alumina industry. (2) The consumption pattern of global Ga is becoming increasingly complex. Driven by the diffusion of low-carbon technologies, primary Ga consumption has grown from 101 tons in 2000 to 432 tons in 2021. With a low material efficiency, only 2143.4 tons of Ga ultimately enter final products from semi-products. (3) The global Ga stock reached 956.7 tons in 2021 with significant recycling potential. However, commercial recycling systems were not established, and Ga resources in end-of-life (EoL) final products are mostly wasted. Given the anticipated growth of Ga demand, more coordinated efforts among different regions to promote technological innovation and improve recycling and circularity rates are urgently needed to ensure global Ga supply and a shared green future. |
| WOS关键词 | RED MUD ; RECOVERY ; AVAILABILITY ; ALUMINUM ; GERMANIUM ; METALS ; INDIUM ; EXTRACTION ; TELLURIUM ; CHINA |
| 资助项目 | National Natural Science Foundation of China[71991480] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[71991485] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41971265] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[71961147003] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[72304251] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2021YFC2901801] ; National Social Science Funds of China ; China Scholarship Council[202107940001] ; China Scholarship Council[GC2N0831] ; China Geological Survey[DD20221795] ; China Geological Survey[128608] ; Fonden Grethe og Werner Parthums legat[21 ZD104] ; [202108110130] |
| WOS研究方向 | Engineering ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:001152130900001 |
| 出版者 | ELSEVIER |
| 资助机构 | National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Key Research and Development Program of China ; National Social Science Funds of China ; China Scholarship Council ; China Geological Survey ; Fonden Grethe og Werner Parthums legat |
| 源URL | [http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/202290]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 |
| 通讯作者 | Wen, Bojie; Dai, Tao |
| 作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Mineral Resources, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Res Ctr Strategy Global Mineral Resources, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China 3.Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Green Technol, SDU Life Cycle Engn, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 5.Zhengzhou Univ, Business Sch, Zhengzhou 450001, Peoples R China 6.China Univ Geosci Beijing, Sch Earth Sci & Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Han, Zhongkui,Liu, Qiance,Ouyang, Xin,et al. Tracking two decades of global gallium stocks and flows: A dynamic material flow analysis[J]. RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING,2024,202:9. |
| APA | Han, Zhongkui.,Liu, Qiance.,Ouyang, Xin.,Song, Huiling.,Gao, Tianming.,...&Dai, Tao.(2024).Tracking two decades of global gallium stocks and flows: A dynamic material flow analysis.RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING,202,9. |
| MLA | Han, Zhongkui,et al."Tracking two decades of global gallium stocks and flows: A dynamic material flow analysis".RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING 202(2024):9. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：地理科学与资源研究所
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