大百部种子传播的行为生态学研究
文献类型：学位论文
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| 作者 | 李英 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-05 |
| 导师 | 陈高 |
| 英文摘要 | Stemona tuberosa is a perennial vine of Stemona (Stemonaceae), widely distributed in China, South Asia and Southeast Asia. According to previous reports, wasps (long-distance dispersal) and ants (short-distance dispersal) dispersed the diaspores (seeds + elaiosomes) of S. tuberosa. The recognition mechanism of seed dispersal by wasps dispersing seeds has been clear (the elaiosomes mimic the chemical signals of insect preys). However, there is currently a lack of specific quantification of the changes in the fitness of plants and animals in vespicochory, as well as the mutual adaptation and evolution of their respective morphological and chemical characteristics in the co-evolution. In addition, the diaspores often still have some residual elaiosomes after the primary dispersal. Except for the ants being attracted to carry and disperse the diaspores, crickets have the behavior of feeding or burying the diaspores. It will also be eaten by rodents, and will be infected by fungi over time. In order to explore the trade-off between the size of the wasp and the size of the diaspore during the primary dispersal, and the changes in the fate and distribution pattern of the seeds in the secondary dispersal of ants, feeding or dispersal by crickets, feeding by rodents, and fungal infection after dispersal, we conducted the following researches. Firstly, we conducted field investigations, chemical analysis, and seed dispersal experiments in the two populations of Kunming Botanical Garden and Chongqing Jinfo Mountain to study the precise balance between the seed dispersers and the diaspores in the air. The results showed that: 1) The mass of the wasp and the diaspore had local adaptability (large wasps dispersed large diaspores, small wasps dispersed small diaspores); 2) The dispersal efficiencies (dispersal probability and dispersal distance) of the wasps were negatively related to diaspore mass. The wasp was very strict in selecting diaspore mass, and the wasp could carry and disperse the diaspores equivalent to its body weight; 3) The results of ‘exchange’ experiment showed that the same species of wasp was more efficient in dispersing small diaspores. Local wasps could recognize and disperse diaspores ex situ, implying the stability of the olfactory recognition of wasps. The same chemical composition of the elaiosomes in two populations also proved this hypothesis. Secondly, we conducted food preference tests, GC-EAD test, and seed dispersal experiments of crickets in the two populations of Kunming Botanical Garde and Nanning to study the possibility of crickets becoming seed dispersers. The results showed that: 1) Crickets preferred to feed on elaiosomes and hardly feed on seeds. Feeding behaviour of crickets was affected by time, sex, seed characteristics, etc.; 2) Cricket antenna olfactory receptor proteins were sensitive to hydrocarbons released by elaiosomes, especially (Z)-9-tricosene; 3) Crickets were seed predators of S. tuberosa in Nanning cultiv |
| 源URL | [http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74511]  |
| 专题 | 昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李英. 大百部种子传播的行为生态学研究, The Research of the Behavioral Ecology of Seed Dispersal of Stemona tuberosa Lour.[D]. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明植物研究所
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