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The demise of the giant ape Gigantopithecus blacki

文献类型：期刊论文

作者Zhang, Yingqi19,20; Westaway, Kira E.19,20; Haberle, Simon18; Lubeek, Julien K.19; Bailey, Marian17; Ciochon, Russell15,16; Morley, Mike W.14; Roberts, Patrick11,12,13; Zhao, Jian-xin10; Duval, Mathieu8,9
刊名NATURE
出版日期2024-01-18
卷号625期号:7995页码:25
ISSN号0028-0836
DOI10.1038/s41586-023-06900-0
通讯作者Zhang, Yingqi(zhangyingqi@ivpp.ac.cn) ; Westaway, Kira E.(kira.westaway@mq.edu.au) ; Wang, Wei(wangw@sdu.edu.cn) ; Joannes-Boyau, Renaud(renaud.joannes-boyau@scu.edu.au)
英文摘要The largest ever primate and one of the largest of the southeast Asian megafauna, Gigantopithecus blacki1, persisted in China from about 2.0 million years until the late middle Pleistocene when it became extinct(2-4). Its demise is enigmatic considering that it was one of the few Asian great apes to go extinct in the last 2.6 million years, whereas others, including orangutan, survived until the present(5). The cause of the disappearance of G. blacki remains unresolved but could shed light on primate resilience and the fate of megafauna in this region(6). Here we applied three multidisciplinary analyses-timing, past environments and behaviour-to 22 caves in southern China. We used 157 radiometric ages from six dating techniques to establish a timeline for the demise of G. blacki. We show that from 2.3 million years ago the environment was a mosaic of forests and grasses, providing ideal conditions for thriving G. blacki populations. However, just before and during the extinction window between 295,000 and 215,000 years ago there was enhanced environmental variability from increased seasonality, which caused changes in plant communities and an increase in open forest environments. Although its close relative Pongo weidenreichi managed to adapt its dietary preferences and behaviour to this variability, G. blacki showed signs of chronic stress and dwindling populations. Ultimately its struggle to adapt led to the extinction of the greatest primate to ever inhabit the Earth.
WOS关键词MOLAR ENAMEL THICKNESS ; EARLY PLEISTOCENE ; U-SERIES ; EXTINCTION ; GUANGXI ; ESR ; QUARTZ ; FAUNA ; CAVE ; DIET
资助项目Australian Research Council ; Future Fellowship ; LIEF[DP170101597] ; Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research grant[FT180100309] ; Ramon y Cajal Fellowship[LE130100115] ; MCIN/AEI[XDB26030303] ; ESF Investing in your future[RYC2018-025221-I] ; Max Planck Society ; W. V. Scott Estate Charitable Trust Fund ; Ruggles-Gates Scholarship by Royal Anthropological Institute (United Kingdom) ; National Social Science Foundation of China[123402902] ; BaGui Scholars Project of the Guangxi[125201851] ; [20ZD246]
WOS研究方向Science & Technology - Other Topics
语种英语
WOS记录号WOS:001157281900017
出版者NATURE PORTFOLIO
资助机构Australian Research Council ; Future Fellowship ; LIEF ; Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research grant ; Ramon y Cajal Fellowship ; MCIN/AEI ; ESF Investing in your future ; Max Planck Society ; W. V. Scott Estate Charitable Trust Fund ; Ruggles-Gates Scholarship by Royal Anthropological Institute (United Kingdom) ; National Social Science Foundation of China ; BaGui Scholars Project of the Guangxi
源URL[http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/23385]  
专题中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者Zhang, Yingqi; Westaway, Kira E.; Wang, Wei; Joannes-Boyau, Renaud
作者单位1.Univ Johannesburg, Palaeo Res Inst, Johannesburg, South Africa
2.Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Global Environm Change, Xian, Peoples R China
3.Chongzuo Zhuang Ethnol Musuem, Chongzuo, Peoples R China
4.Nat Hist Museum Guangxi, Nanning, Peoples R China
5.Flinders Univ S Australia, Coll Sci & Engn, Adelaide, SA, Australia
6.Shandong Univ, Inst Cultural Heritage, Qingdao, Peoples R China
7.Univ Wollongong, Sch Earth Atmospher & Life Sci, Wollongong Isotope Geochronol Lab, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
8.Griffith Univ, Australian Res Ctr Human Evolut ARCHE, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
9.Natl Res Ctr Human Evolut CENIEH, Burgos, Spain
10.Univ Queensland, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 Zhang, Yingqi,Westaway, Kira E.,Haberle, Simon,et al. The demise of the giant ape Gigantopithecus blacki[J]. NATURE,2024,625(7995):25.
APA Zhang, Yingqi.,Westaway, Kira E..,Haberle, Simon.,Lubeek, Julien K..,Bailey, Marian.,...&Joannes-Boyau, Renaud.(2024).The demise of the giant ape Gigantopithecus blacki.NATURE,625(7995),25.
MLA Zhang, Yingqi,et al."The demise of the giant ape Gigantopithecus blacki".NATURE 625.7995(2024):25.

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