中国科学院机构知识库网格
Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid
海菜花的化学成分及其生物活性研究

文献类型:学位论文

作者刘洪星
答辩日期2022-05
授予单位中国科学院大学
导师许刚
关键词海菜花,Ottelione,二芳基庚烷,糖尿病,抗肿瘤 Ottelia acuminata, Ottelione, Diarylheptanoids, DM, Antitumor
英文摘要糖尿病是一种由于胰岛素分泌不足或是利用障碍引起的以持续性高血糖为特征的慢性代谢性疾病。全球约有5.37亿人患有糖尿病,估计到2045年将达到7.83亿人。我国是世界上糖尿病患病人数最多的国家,约占全球糖尿病患病总人数的1/4,在2010年,仅有4.5%的人口受到糖尿病的影响,然而,2019年该百分比增加了一倍多,这可能与人们的饮食和生活方式改变密切相关。文献调研发现,中国不同民族和不同地区的人群,糖尿病发病率具有不同特点,值得注意的是云南农村的白族人群(7.83%)糖尿病发病率明显低于汉族(11.83%)。海菜花(Ottelia acuminata)不仅是白族人群喜食的特色传统蔬菜,还是一种独特的水生观赏植物并可作为水环境的指示植物。海菜花是水鳖科(Hydrocharitaceae)水车前属植物,为我国特有的珍稀濒危水生植物,目前已实现大规模人工种植。从地方特色食用植物中发现活性分子,不仅是开发高安全性先导化合物的重要途径,而且还能进一步阐明其保健功能。然而,除了对海菜花中已知化学成分的分析及其近源植物的化学成分研究有零星报道外,关于海菜花的植物化学成分及其生物活性的研究目前还没有任何报道。 本论文首次对海菜花(Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy var. acuminata)中的次级代谢产物及其生物活性进行研究。共分离得到化合物60个(1种新骨架和20个新化合物)包括10个ottelione的衍生物(1个具有5/6/5/6/5环系的新颖骨架二聚体和6个芳化的ottelione)、16个二芳基庚烷类(新化合物14个)、8个苯丙酸类、8个香豆素类、4个木脂素类、7个黄酮类和7个其他类型化合物,其平面结构和绝对构型主要通过一维和二维核磁共振、高分辨质谱、X-射线单晶衍射以及计算ECD的方法确定。其中,化合物14为外消旋体,经过手性拆分获得单体化合物,并通过计算ECD的方法确定其绝对构型。上述化合物类型中,二芳基庚烷类以及4-亚甲-2-环己基酮结构芳化的Otteliones衍生物(Otteacumienols,海菜花酚),显然是海菜花的特征性活性成分。文献调研发现,二芳基庚烷类广泛分布于姜科、胡桃科和豆科等植物中,其主要特点是庚烷链和芳环的高度氧化,且往往能够与二氢黄酮、单萜等形成杂合体。与上述植物类群中的二芳基庚烷类成分不同的是,本研究从海菜花中发现的二芳基庚烷类化合物具有氧化程度较低的特点,而且目前还未发现杂合体。鉴于海菜花是白族人特色的传统蔬菜且白族人糖尿病发病率较低,本研究对所有得到的二芳基庚烷类成分开展了α-葡萄糖苷酶和PAPB1抑制活性的研究,结果发现系列二芳基庚烷类化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有显著的抑制作用(IC50值在3.81–26.44 μM之间),而对PTP1B几乎没有作用;其中化合物14,16,17,23,26对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性低于5 μM(阳性对照阿卡波糖IC50值为228 μM)。对与海菜花中得到另一类成分海菜花酚(Otteacumienols)的抗肿瘤活性研究表明,在40 μM浓度下化合物2–8和10对白血病HL-60、肺癌A549、肝癌SMMC-7721、乳腺癌MDA-MB-231、结肠癌SW480细胞系的体外抑制活性为40.41%–94.73%。而且,对于大多数细胞系,化合物2–8和10具有显著的生长抑制活性。 综上所述,本论文对地方特色蔬菜海菜花中的化学成分及其生物活性进行系统性研究,从中共分离鉴定了化合物60个(包括1种新颖骨架和21个新化合物),发现了系列二芳基庚烷类化合物,具有显著的选择性α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,表明该类活性成分可能与白族人群糖尿病的发病率低有一定的关联性,具体的研究工作正在进一步进行中。此外,还发现了系列具有显著抗肿瘤活性的海菜花酚类(otteacumienols)化合物,说明海菜花很可能成为抗癌药物开发的原料植物。本研究工作为新型天然来源抗糖尿病先导分子发掘和海菜花的可持续综合利用提供了有效参考。; Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, is caused by insufficient secretion or utilizing obstacle of insulin. According to International Diabetes Federation, about 537 million people are suffering diabetes in the world and it will reach 783 million by 2045. It’s worth noting that China has become the country with most diabetic patients. In 2010, only 4.5% of the population were affected by diabetes, however, the percentage was double in 2019, which may be inseparable from people’s diets and lifestyles. Notably, the investigation of the incidence of diabetes in China has showed the characteristics of ethnic and regional variations, especially for the Bai nationality (7.83%) in contrast to the Han nationality (11.83%) in rural Yunnan. As an traditional vegetable in China, Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy belongs to the genus Ottelia of the Hydrocharitaceae family, and are mainly distributed in Yunnan Province. In addition, due to the high requirements for water quality, O. acuminata could be applied to monitor water pollution and environmental protection. The discovery of active molecules from local and edible plants is not only an important way to develop high-safety lead compounds, but also to further elucidate their health functions. However, except for a preliminary analytical investigation by HPLC-ESI-MS, the phytochemical and antidiabetic ingredients of this vegetable have not been reported so far. In this study, 60 compounds including one ottelione dimer with a new skeleton of 5/6/5/6/5 ring system, six new aromatized otteliones analogues (Otteacumienols A–F) and 14 new diarylheptanoids (Otteacumienes A–M) were identified from O. acuminata var. acuminata. Structurally, these compounds can be divided into otteliones, diarylheptanoids, phenylpropanoids, lignans, coumarins, flavonoids, polyacetylene skeletons, sesquiterpenoid, and alkaloid skeletons. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis including 1D, 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, COSY, and ROESY), HRMS, X-ray, and calculated ECD method. Among them, 14 was obtained as a mixture of enantiomers whose absolute configurations were determined by calculated ECD method after chiral separation. According to literatures, diarylheptanoids were mainly found in families Zingiberaceae, Juglandaceae, and Fabaceae, characterized with high oxidation of heptane chains and aromatic rings as well as the formation of heterodimers with dihydroflavones and monoterpenes. However, the diarylheptanoids obtained in this study were all presented monomic form with a relative low degree of oxidation. Bioactive studies showed that the diarylheptanoid analogues exhibited selectively potent inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase (IC50 3.81~26.44 μM) but ignorable effects on PTP1B. Compounds 14, 16, 17, 23, and 26 showed inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase under 5 μM ( acarbose, IC50 228.95 μM).The results of antitumor activity studies showed that the otteliones derivati
语种中文
源URL[http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/75105]  
专题昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
刘洪星. 海菜花的化学成分及其生物活性研究[D]. 中国科学院大学. 2022.

入库方式: OAI收割

来源:昆明植物研究所

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