状态焦虑对创造性思维的影响及其时间进程
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李姝辰
|
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 施建农 ; 张兴利 |
| 关键词 | 创造力 状态焦虑 发散思维 聚合思维 时间进程 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The Impact of State Anxiety on Creative Thinking and Its Temporal Dynamics |
| 中文摘要 | Creativity involves complex psychological processes and is influenced by emotions and affective experiences. To date, extensive research has investigated the relationship between emotions and creativity, with a notable focus on anxiety as a negative emotion. However, previous findings regarding the relationship between anxiety and creativity have been inconsistent, and the real-time impact of anxiety on creative thinking is not well understood. Furthermore, there has been limited research simultaneously examining both divergent and convergent thinking processes. Therefore, this study divided participants into high and low state anxiety groups and manipulated individuals' levels of state anxiety using autobiographical recall. The study utilized the Alternative Uses Task (AUT) and the Remote Association Task (RAT) to assess divergent and convergent thinking, respectively. Each assessment task was divided into five time periods to explore the influence of state anxiety on creative thinking from a temporal perspective. In Study 1, preliminary exploration of the relationship between state anxiety and the two types of creative thinking was conducted using correlational research. Results indicated that, controlling for trait anxiety and gender, the relationship between state anxiety and performance on the AUT was not significant, whereas it was significantly positively correlated with performance on the RAT task. Additionally, it was found that state anxiety levels significantly increased following the RAT task. To further examine the effects of different levels of state anxiety on creative thinking, state anxiety levels were manipulated in the laboratory. Results showed no significant effects of high or low state anxiety on performance in either the AUT or RAT tasks. Considering the role of time and the imperfect experimental design, and the failure to test the sustainability of emotions, the study was refined for Study 2. In Study 2, employing a similar laboratory setting, participants were again divided into high and low state anxiety groups. Each AUT task constituted one time period, and six RAT tasks comprised one time period. Both tasks were divided into five time periods to explore the temporal effects of state anxiety on performance in the two types of creative thinking tasks. As with the results of Study 1, there were no significant differences in AUT as well as RAT task performance between the high and low state anxiety groups; from a time course perspective, there were no significant changes in RAT task performance as well as AUT novelty over time, but for the AUT fluency metrics, the high state anxiety group showed a significant decrease over a short period of time, and the low state anxiety group showed a significant decrease after a longer period of time. Based on the two studies, the present study obtained the following conclusions: state anxiety has different effects on divergent and convergent thinking: state anxiety had no significant effect on performance on the divergent thinking task (AUT); task only triggered state anxiety was significantly and positively related to performance on the convergent thinking task (RAT). From a time-course perspective, the pattern of effects of state anxiety on divergent and convergent thinking differed: there was a timecourse effect on divergent thinking fluency (but not originality); there was no significant effect on convergent thinking task (RAT) performance trends over time. |
| 英文摘要 | 创造力涉及复杂的心理过程，并受到情绪、情感体验的影响。迄今为止， 已有大量的研究对情绪与创造力之间的关系进行探究，其中不乏对焦虑这一负 面情绪的关注。然而，以往关于焦虑与创造力之间关系的研究结果不一致，且 焦虑情绪如何实时影响创造性思维并不明朗，也较少有研究同时关注发散思维 和聚合思维两种认知过程。因此，本研究将被试分为高、低状态焦虑组，通过 采用自传体回忆的方式对个体的状态焦虑水平进行操纵，用多用途任务 （Alternative Use Task，AUT）和远距离联想任务（Remote Association Task， RAT）分别评估发散思维和聚合思维，并将每项测评任务时长划分为 5 个时间 段，从时间进程的角度探究状态焦虑对创造性思维的影响。 在研究一中，首先采用相关研究，对状态焦虑与两种创造性思维之间的关 系进行初步探索。结果发现，控制特质焦虑与性别后，状态焦虑与 AUT 表现的 关系不显著，与 RAT 任务表现显著正相关，同时也发现在 RAT 任务后，状态焦 虑水平显著提高。为了进一步考察不同状态焦虑水平对创造性思维的影响，在 实验室中操纵状态焦虑水平。结果未发现高、低状态焦虑对 AUT和 RAT任务表 现产生显著影响。考虑到时间在其中的作用，以及该研究的实验设计不完善， 未能实现对情绪的保持性进行检验，完善后进行研究二。 在研究二中，同样采用实验室研究，将被试分为高、低状态焦虑组，并以 一个 AUT 任务为一个时间组，6 道 RAT 题目为一个时间组，将两项任务时长划 分为五个时间段，对状态焦虑对两种创造性思维任务表现影响的时间进程进行 探究。与研究一结果相同，高、低状态焦虑组之间的 AUT以及 RAT任务表现没 有显著差异；从时间进程的角度看，RAT 任务表现以及 AUT 新颖性随时间推移 无显著变化，但对于 AUT 流畅性指标，高状态焦虑组在短时间内表现出显著的 下降，低状态焦虑组在较长时间后有显著下降。 基于两项研究，本研究得到以下结论：状态焦虑对发散和聚合思维的影响 不同：状态焦虑对发散思维任务（AUT）表现没有显著影响；仅任务引发的状 态焦虑与聚合思维任务（RAT）表现显著正相关。从时间进程角度看，状态焦 虑对发散和聚合思维的影响模式不同：对发散思维流畅性（而不是新颖性）的 影响存在时程效应；对聚合思维任务（RAT）表现随时间变化趋势无显著影响。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/47954]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_认知与发展心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李姝辰. 状态焦虑对创造性思维的影响及其时间进程[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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