不确定情境影响自我疼痛和疼痛共情的神经机制
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 庄昀
|
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 博士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 傅小兰 |
| 关键词 | 不确定情境 自我疼痛 疼痛共情 亲密关系 威胁情境 |
| 学位名称 | 理学博士 |
| 学位专业 | 基础心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Neural Mechanisms of Uncertain Contexts Affecting Self-Experienced Pain and Pain Empathy |
| 中文摘要 | Human life is filled with uncertainty. Pain, serving as a signal of threat perception in humans, whether experienced as self-pain or observed in others, undergoes modulation by contextual factors. The current study investigated the impact of uncertain contexts of pain stimuli on neural responses to self-experienced pain and pain empathy through three electroencephalography (EEG) experiments. Furthermore, it incorporates social contextual factors (intimacy relationship) and threat contextual factors (self-pain threat context) to further explore the role of the threat detection system in processing self-experienced pain and pain empathy. Study 1 explored the effects of uncertain contexts on the neural mechanisms of self-experienced pain. The results revealed that uncertain contexts influence the neural responses both to self-experienced pain and non-pain trials. Uncertain contexts elicited stronger P2 amplitudes during self-experienced pain trials and stronger late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes and mid-to-late delta-theta frequency band (200-600 ms, 2-7 Hz) rhythms during both self-experienced pain and non-pain trials compared to certain contexts. Additionally, the results of non-pain trials under uncertain contexts approached those of pain trials. Study 2 involved couple dyads and stranger dyads to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the impact of uncertain contexts and intimate relationship on pain empathy when the self was in a safe context. The results found that uncertain contexts influenced neural responses of pain empathy, exhibiting similar patterns of change as observed during self-experienced pain. Under uncertain contexts, the P3 and LPP amplitudes was significantly higher than under certain contexts. Moreover, distinct patterns of activation in EEG time-frequency energy changes were observed between couple dyads and stranger dyads. For the couple dyads, automated emotional arousal and emotion contagion-related delta-theta frequency band event-related synchronization (ERS) (200-600 ms, 2-7 Hz) demonstrated sensitivity to both pain and uncertainty contexts, while for the stranger dyads, cognitive control-related alpha frequency band event-related desynchronization (ERD) (550-750 ms, 8-13 Hz) exhibited sensitivity to both pain and uncertainty contexts. These results indicate that intimate relationship modulates individuals' processing of pain empathy. Observed pain in partners for couple dyads elicited more emotional responses, while for stranger dyads it involved greater engagement of cognitive processing, reflecting the activation of the threat detection system. Study 3 also involved couple dyads and stranger dyads, and introduced self-pain trials to further investigate the effects of uncertain contexts and intimate relationship on the neural mechanisms underlying self-experienced pain and pain empathy when the self is in a pain threat context. The results found that the self-pain threat context influenced individuals' processing of pain empathy. The self-pain threat context facilitated the responses of couple dyads to partners’ pain, manifested as stronger P3 amplitudes compared to stranger dyads. However, under the self-pain threat context, unlike in the self-safe context, alpha frequency band ERD of stranger dyads no longer exhibited sensitivity to partners’ pain and uncertainty contexts. These results indicate that the self-pain threat context facilitates the processing of observed pain in partners for couple dyads but disperses cognitive resources for stranger dyads. Furthermore, the intimate relationship does not significantly influence individuals' neural responses to self-experienced pain. Through three EEG experiments, the current study found that uncertain contexts, where pain serves as a threat stimulus, continuously influence individuals' cognitive processing, and neural responses to both self-experienced pain and pain empathy. Furthermore, the study revealed that individuals exhibit distinct patterns of neural activation of pain empathy in couple dyads and stranger dyads, which was influenced by the self-pain threat context. When individuals were in a self-pain threat context, the neural responses of pain empathy of couple dyads were stronger, while those of stranger dyads were inhibited. This research provided a new perspective for understanding the cognitive processing and neural mechanisms related to self-experienced pain and pain empathy under uncertain contexts. |
| 英文摘要 | 人类的生活环境充满了不确定性。作为人类感知威胁的疼痛信号，无论是对疼痛的自我感知，还是对他人疼痛感知的共情反应，都会受到情境因素的调制。本研究通过三个脑电实验，探讨不确定疼痛刺激诱发情境对于自我疼痛与疼痛共情的影响，并引入社会情境因素（亲密关系）与威胁情境因素（自我疼痛威胁情 境），进一步探讨威胁检测系统在加工自我疼痛和疼痛共情过程中的作用。 研究一探究不确定情境对自我疼痛的影响。结果表明，不确定情境对自我疼痛与无疼痛刺激的脑电反应产生了影响。不确定性情境下自我疼痛刺激诱发了更 强的P2 振幅，自我疼痛刺激与无疼痛刺激诱发了更强的晚期正电位（Late Positive Potential，LPP）振幅和中晚期 delta-theta 频段（200-600 ms，2-7 Hz）节律，且无疼痛刺激的结果在不确定情境下接近疼痛试次。 研究二分别选取陌生搭档组与情侣搭档组参与实验，探究当自我处于安全情境下时，不确定情境与亲密关系对疼痛共情的影响。结果表明，不确定情境对疼痛共情的神经反应也产生了影响，表现出与自我疼痛类似的变化趋势。在不确定情境下，P3 与 LPP 振幅显著高于确定情境。并且，情侣搭档组与陌生搭档组在疼痛共情的脑电时频能量变化上产生了分离的激活模式。情侣搭档组在搭档疼痛后，自动化的情绪唤醒、情绪感染有关的 delta-theta 频段事件相关同步化 （Event-Related Synchronization，ERS；200-600 ms，2-7 Hz）表现出了对疼痛与不确定情境的敏感性；陌生搭档组在搭档疼痛后，认知控制有关的 alpha 频段事 件相关去同步化（Event-Related Desynchronization，ERD；450-750 ms，8-13 Hz）表现出了对疼痛与不确定情境的敏感性。这一结果表明，亲密关系影响了个体的疼痛共情加工过程。情侣搭档在疼痛共情时唤起了更多情绪反应，而陌生搭档在疼痛共情时涉及到更多认知加工过程的参与，反映了威胁检测系统的激活。 研究三在实验中依然设置陌生搭档组与情侣搭档组，但在研究二的基础上引 入了自我疼痛试次，进一步探究当自我处于疼痛威胁情境下时，不确定情境与亲密关系对自我疼痛与疼痛共情的影响。结果表明，自我疼痛威胁情境影响了个体的疼痛共情加工过程。自我疼痛威胁情境促进了情侣搭档组的疼痛共情反应，表 现为比陌生搭档组更强烈的 P3 振幅。但是，自我处于疼痛威胁情境下时，不同于自我安全情境，陌生搭档组的 alpha 频段 ERD 不再表现出对他人疼痛的敏感性。这一结果表明，自我疼痛威胁情境促进情侣搭档的疼痛共情神经反应，但会分散陌生搭档对疼痛共情的认知资源。此外，没有发现亲密关系对自我疼痛神经 反应产生显著影响。 本研究的三个脑电实验结果表明，以疼痛作为威胁刺激的不确定情境持续影响个体的自我疼痛与疼痛共情加工过程。研究还发现，情侣搭档与陌生搭档的疼痛共情反应表现出分离的神经激活模式，并且受到自我疼痛威胁情境的影响。当自我处于疼痛威胁情境中时，情侣搭档组的疼痛共情神经反应更为强烈，陌生搭档组的疼痛共情反应减弱。本研究为理解不确定情境影响下自我疼痛与疼痛共情相关的认知加工与神经机制提供了新的视角。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48127]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_认知与发展心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 庄昀. 不确定情境影响自我疼痛和疼痛共情的神经机制[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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