老年人情节记忆的可塑性:自我参照和他人参照策略的训练效果
文献类型:学位论文
作者 | 孔诺 |
答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
文献子类 | 硕士 |
授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
其他责任者 | 李娟 |
关键词 | 老年人 自我参照策略 记忆训练 他人参照策略 情节记忆 |
学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
其他题名 | The plasticity of episodic memory in older adults: Effects of self-reference and other-reference strategy training |
中文摘要 | Episodic memory will decline with age, and the difficulty in using memory strategies spontaneously is an important reason for the decline of episodic memory in older adults. Considering that there is a certain plasticity in the cognitive function of the elderly, it is a current research focus to carry out effective memory strategy training to improve their memory function and delay cognitive decline. Previous studies have found that the use of a self-reference strategy in the coding stage can effectively improve the accuracy of episodic memory in healthy elderly people; In the context of collectivist culture, the approach to close other-reference strategy can play a similar memory improvement effect to the self-reference strategy. However, the effect of the self-reference strategy and the effect of the close other-reference strategy on memory training in healthy elderly people are still unclear. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of self-reference strategy training and close other-reference strategy training on episodic memory in healthy elderly people. Seventy-nine cognitively normal healthy older adults were assigned to a selfreference group (n = 26), an other-reference group (n = 27), and an active control group (n = 26). The self-reference group and the other-reference group received memory strategy training once a week for three weeks, and the control group participated in the Columbia card risk decision task at the same frequency. Before and after training, all three groups completed self-reference tests, other-reference tests, and neuropsychological tests of episodic memory (including Auditory Vocabulary Learning Test and Paired Association Learning Test). The results of the study showed that: (1) The elderly in the self-reference group showed significant improvement in the other-reference test, indicating that the selfreference strategy mastered by the elderly can be transferred to the other-reference test to improve the accuracy of the elderly's episodic memory. (2) Compared with the control group, the elderly in the other-reference group did not show memory improvement in the scores of the self-reference test, other-reference test, and episodic memory neuropsychological test. To sum up, the improvement effect of self-reference strategy training on episodic memory of the elderly reached a significant level, but the effect of the other-reference strategy training has not reached a significant level. This study aims to make a certain contribution to achieving successful aging of individuals, stimulating the vitality of the aging society, and putting forward the solution to the world aging problem, having a unique practical value and practical significance. |
英文摘要 | 情节记忆会随年龄的增长而出现衰退,难以自发地使用记忆策略是老年人 记忆下降的重要原因。考虑到老年人的认知功能存在一定的可塑性,对其开展 有效的记忆策略训练,进而提升其记忆功能并延缓认知衰退,是当前的研究热 点。前人研究发现,在编码阶段使用自我参照策略能够有效提高健康老年人情 节记忆的准确性;在集体主义文化背景下,亲近他人参照策略能够起到和自我 参照策略类似的记忆提升效果。然而,自我参照策略和亲近他人参照策略在健 康老年人中的记忆训练效果尚不明确。 本研究考察了自我参照策略训练和亲近他人参照策略训练对健康老年人情 节记忆的影响。将 79 位认知正常的健康老年人,分配到自我参照组(26 人),他 人参照组(27人)和积极对照组(26人)。自我参照组和他人参照组接受为期三周, 每周一次的记忆策略训练,对照组以相同频率参与哥伦比亚卡牌风险决策任务。 训练前后,三组被试均完成自我参照测验、他人参照测验以及情节记忆神经心 理学测验(包括听觉词汇学习测验和配对联想学习测验)。 研究结果显示:(1)自我参照组老年人在他人参照测验来源记忆成绩中存在 显著提升,说明老年人掌握的自我参照策略可以迁移到他人参照测验中提高情 节记忆的准确性。(2)他人参照组老年人在自我参照测验、他人参照测验来源记 忆成绩以及情节记忆神经心理学测验成绩中,均未表现出相对于对照组的记忆 提升。 综上所述,自我参照策略训练对老年人情节记忆的改善效果达到显著水平, 但他人参照策略训练效果未达到显著水平。本研究致力于为实现个体的成功老 龄化、激发老龄社会活力以及提出适用于世界老龄化问题的解决方案做出一定 的贡献,具有独特的现实价值和实践意义。 |
语种 | 中文 |
源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/47943] ![]() |
专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 孔诺. 老年人情节记忆的可塑性:自我参照和他人参照策略的训练效果[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式: OAI收割
来源:心理研究所
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