甲基苯丙胺成瘾者认知控制的神经机制及神经调控
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 田阳 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 博士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 王冬梅 |
| 关键词 | 甲基苯丙胺 认知控制 前额叶活动 神经振荡 经颅交流电刺激技术 |
| 学位名称 | 理学博士 |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Neural mechanisms and neuroregulation of cognitive control in methamphetamine patients |
| 中文摘要 | Cognitive control represents a core symptom in addiction and is considered a pivotal factor in the transition from recreational to compulsive drug use among patients. Current research on cognitive control impairments in addiction patients primarily focuses on the reactive control. Proactive control, which involves preparatory actions prior to the initiation of behavior, is generally deemed a more effective strategy for inhibiting motor responses than reactive control, and may constitute an endophenotype for resisting compulsive drug use among methamphetamine patients. However, the neural mechanism of these two control abilities in addicts is not clear, and there is a lack of effective intervention methods.This study aims to systematically investigate the behavioral impairments and neural mechanisms of cognitive control functions in methamphetamine patients from both spatial and temporal dynamic perspectives. Furthermore, it proposes to employ transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) neuromodulation technology to intervene in the impaired cognitive control functions. Study 1 employed the Preparing to Overcome Prepotency (POP) task in conjunction with functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology to investigate the cognitive control capabilities of methamphetamine patients and the role of prefrontal cortex activity therein. The findings revealed that, there were no significant differences in cognitive control task behavior performance between methamphetamine patients and healthy controls. At the neural level, however, cognitive control-related prefrontal cortex functions in methamphetamine patients exhibited abnormalities, primarily manifested in insufficient activation in the right pre-supplementary motor area (rPreSMA) and the triangular part of Broca's area. Further examination of the prefrontal cortex activity during proactive and reactive control phases in methamphetamine patients revealed distinct impairments associated with each control type. Specifically, during the proactive control phase, there was excessive activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (lIFG) when overcoming prepotent responses. Conversely, during the reactive control phase, excessive activation was observed in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) when overcoming prepotent responses. Study 2 employed the Conditional Stop Signal Task (condition SST) to dissociate the behavioral indices of proactive and reactive control, and integrated electrophysiological EEG technology to examine the role of frontal midline (FM) theta oscillations in both proactive and reactive control. The findings revealed that methamphetamine patients exhibit impairments in both proactive and reactive control capabilities at the behavioral level, with a reciprocal enhancement relationship between the two, indicating that more severe impairments in proactive control are associated with more severe impairments in reactive control. At the neural level, while FM-theta oscillations serve as a common substrate for both proactive and reactive control, their modulatory effects on the two are divergent. Specifically, for proactive control, FMtheta oscillations decrease in power with increased preparation for anticipated behavior. Conversely, for reactive control, FM-theta oscillations increase in power with stronger response conflicts. Methamphetamine patients exhibit abnormalities in both early and late FM-theta oscillatory responses related to proactive control, with late-phase modulations within the delayed time window being particularly affected. Deficits were also pronounced in the FM-theta oscillatory responses associated with reactive control. Study 3 pioneered the use of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) neuromodulation technology, targeting the mid-frontal theta rhythm, to intervene in the cognitive control functions of methamphetamine patients. Participants were randomly assigned to either an active stimulation group or a sham stimulation group, undergoing a 15-day intervention. The results indicated significant improvements in both proactive and reactive control functions among methamphetamine patients at the behavioral level, primarily reflected in substantial enhancements in preparation cost and inhibition rate in the active stimulation group post-intervention. At the neural level, there was a notable increase in the late-phase theta suppression effect in the active stimulation group, although a direct link between this neural improvement and the enhancement in preparation cost was not established. Instead, a significant positive correlation between the improvement in preparation cost and theta oscillatory response was observed in the active stimulation group during the T1 phase, which was absent in the T0 phase. This indirectly confirms that tACS technology facilitates the improvement of cognitive control by modulating mid-frontal theta oscillatory activity. In summary, this study provides a more comprehensive understanding of cognitive control impairments in methamphetamine patients, confirming the significance of proactive control functions in addicts. Furthermore, it identifies abnormalities in midfrontal theta oscillatory patterns as a neural basis for cognitive control impairments in addicts. The use of theta-tACS technology to modulate cognitive control functions in addicts has shown promising results. This contributes valuable insights regarding stimulation targets, parameters, and intervention protocols for the neuromodulation of cognitive control. |
| 英文摘要 | 认知控制是药物成瘾者的核心症状，被认为是成瘾者从娱乐性用药过渡到强迫性用药的关键因素。目前关于甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的认知控制功能受损的研 究多集中在反应认知控制这一成分，主动控制是对行为发生前的提前准备通常是被认为比反应控制更有效的控制能力。主动性控制被认为是甲基苯丙胺成瘾者抵抗强迫性用药的重要内表型。然而，目前成瘾者主动和反映控制的神经机 制尚不清楚，也缺乏有效的干预方法。因此，本研究拟以甲基苯丙胺成瘾者为被试，从空间和时间动态角度系统研究甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的认知控制功能行为损伤以及神经机制，进一步采用神经调控技术对认知控制损伤进行干预。 研究一采用准备克服优势反应任务（Preparing to overcoming a prepotent response task, POP）任务并结合近红外功能成像（functional near infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS）技术探究甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的认知控制能力表现以及前额 叶活动在其中的作用。结果发现，在行为水平上，甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的认知控 制任务表现与正常人并无显著差异。在神经水平上，甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的认知 控制相关的前额叶功能确实存在异常，主要表现在右侧前辅助运动区(right presupplementary motor area, rpre-SMA)和布洛卡区三角部区域激活不足，额极区域 过度激活。我们又分别考察了甲基苯丙胺成瘾者主动和反应控制阶段前额叶活 动激活情况，发现主动控制和反应控制相关的前额叶活动损伤存在分离，主要表现为在主动控制阶段，甲基苯丙胺成瘾在需要克服优势反应的时候，左侧额下回（left inferior frontal gyrus, lIFG）存在过度激活；而在反应控制阶段，甲基苯丙胺成瘾在需要克服优势反应的时候，双侧背外侧前额叶（right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, DLPFC）和额极区域存在过度激活，而在 rpre-SMA和布洛卡区三角部区域激活不足。 研究二采用了条件性停止信号任务将主动控制和反应控制的行为指标相分离，并结合电生理脑电技术探讨额叶中线 theta（frontal-midline theta, FM-theta） 振荡在主控控制和反应控制中的作用。结果发现，在行为水平上，甲基苯丙胺 成瘾者的主动控制和反应控制能力均存在损伤，且主动控制和反应控制是相互 促进的关系，即主动控制损伤越严重，反应控制损伤也更加严重。在神经水平上，FM-theta 振荡虽是主动控制和反应控制的共同基础，但对二者的调制作用 却是相反的，具体表现为，主动控制相关的 FM-theta 振荡随着对于预期行为的 准备增加，theta 功率反而逐渐降低。然而，反应控制相关的 FM-theta 振荡则表 现为随着反应冲突越强，theta 功率逐渐增加。甲基苯丙胺成瘾者主动控制相关 的早期和晚期 FM-theta 振荡响应均存在异常，其中主要受晚期延迟时间窗中的FM-theta 振荡调制。另外，我们也发现反应控制相关的 FM-theta 振荡响应也明 显存在缺损。 研究三首次利用经颅交流电刺激（transcranial alternating current stimulation, tACS）神经调控技术，靶向 FM-theta 节律，对甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的认知控制功 能进行干预。随机将成瘾者分为真刺激组和假刺激组，进行为期 15 天的干预。 结果发现，在行为水平上，甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的主动控制和反应控制功能有了明显的改善，主要体现在真刺激组在干预后准备成本和抑制率有了明显的提升。 在神经水平上，真刺激组的晚期 FM-theta 振荡明显增强，但并未直接发现这种神经上的改善与准备成本改善之间的关系。而是在治疗后期（T1）真刺激组的 准备成本和 theta 振荡响应的改善呈现出显著的正相关，这是在治疗后期（T0） 所不存在的。这间接证实 tACS技术通过调控 FM-theta振荡活性来促进认知控制 的改善。 综上，本研究为甲基苯丙胺认知控制损伤提供更全面的了解，证实了主动控制功能在成瘾者中的重要性，另外，发现 FM-theta 振荡模式异常是成瘾者认 知控制损伤有关，并利用 theta-tACS 技术调控成瘾者认知控制功能取得了很好 的成效。为认知控制的神经调控提供了关于刺激靶点、刺激参数以及干预疗程的重要参考。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/47998]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 田阳. 甲基苯丙胺成瘾者认知控制的神经机制及神经调控[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。