中国媒介形象及其媒介信息抽象性对外国受众对华态度的影响:心理距离的中介作用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王伊明 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 周洁 |
| 关键词 | 国家媒介形象 刻板印象内容模型 信息抽象性 心理距离 对华态度 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The impact of the media image of China and the abstractness of media messages on foreign audiences' attitudes towards China: The mediating role of nsvchological distance |
| 中文摘要 | In the context of globalization, national image is crucial to a country's international reputation and influence and has become an important part of a country's "soft power". Despite China's rapid development in economy, science and technology, military and other aspects, and its proactive role in the international community, its national image has often been distorted and damaged by the western media, which has led to a lot of misunderstandings and negative attitudes towards China among many foreign publics. Addressing how to effectively shape and disseminate a positive image of China is an urgent issue, with media playing a key role in the formation and dissemination of national image. Based on the stereotype content model, this study explores how media portrayals of China's warmth and competence images, and the abstractness of media messages, influence foreign audiences' attitudes towards China, and the mediating role of psychological distance. The aim of this study is to provide strategic guidance for improving foreign audiences’ attitudes towards China through national image communication. Study 1 (N = 251) employed an experimental method using the topics of "GDP growth" and "Chinese New Year" to manipulate competence and warmth images of China respectively. Within a U.S. sample, it was found that the warmth image led to a closer psychological distance and more positive attitudes towards China among American audiences than the competence image. Psychological distance played a partial mediating role in the influence of national image on American audiences' attitudes towards China. When presenting a warmth image, the use of abstract information resulted in a closer psychological distance and more positive attitudes towards China among American audiences, with psychological distance also mediating the effect of information abstractness on attitudes towards China. However, when presenting a competence image, information abstractness had no significant impact on psychological distance or attitudes towards China. Study 2 (N = 253) also utilized an experimental method, manipulating the competence and warmth images of Chinas through the topics of "economic vitality" and "silk craftsmanship" respectively. Within another U.S. sample, it was found that when concrete information was used, the warmth image led to a closer psychological distance and more positive attitudes towards China among American audiences than the competence image, with psychological distance playing a partial mediating role in the effect of national image on American audiences' attitudes towards China. However, when abstract information was used, the national image had no significant impact on psychological distance or attitudes towards China. When presenting a warmth image, the use of concrete information resulted in more positive attitudes towards China among American audiences than the use of abstract information, yet the abstractness of information did not significantly affect psychological distance. Similarly, when presenting a competence image, the abstractness of information had no significant impact on psychological distance or attitudes towards China. Study 3 (N = 228) translated the experimental manipulation materials used in Study 1 into Russian and tested them with a Russian sample. It was found that the warmth image resulted in more positive attitudes towards China among Russian audiences than the competence image. However, neither national image nor information abstractness had a significant impact on the psychological distance between Russian audiences and China. Overall, this study found that for American audiences, a warmth image of China leads to more positive attitudes towards China than a competence image, with psychological distance playing a mediating role in this process. For Russian audiences, the warmth image of China also leads to more positive attitudes towards China than the competence image, but the role of psychological distance is not significant. When presenting a competence image of China, the abstractness of media information does not have a significant effect. However, when presenting a warmth image of China, the impact of information abstractness may depend on how the use of specific topics and the language style can bring audiences closer to China psychologically. The results of this study expand research in the field of national image communication and offer practical guidance for improving foreign audiences' attitudes towards China through the shaping and dissemination of national media images. |
| 英文摘要 | 在全球化背景下，国家形象对一个国家的国际声誉和影响力至关重要，已成 为国家“软实力”的重要组成部分。尽管中国在经济、科技、军事等方面发展迅速， 在国际社会中积极承担大国责任，但其国家形象常常被西方媒体扭曲和损害，导 致许多外国民众对中国存在很多误解，并对中国持有负面态度。如何有效塑造和 传播积极的中国形象是亟待解决的问题，而媒介是塑造和传播国家形象的关键场 域。基于刻板印象内容模型，本研究探究了媒介呈现的中国热情形象和能力形象 及其媒介信息抽象性对外国受众对华态度的影响以及心理距离在其中发挥的中介作用，旨在为通过国家形象对外传播改善外国受众对华态度提供策略指导。 研究一（N = 251）通过实验法使用“GDP 增长”和“中国春节”两个话题 分别操纵中国能力形象和热情形象，在美国样本中发现：热情形象比能力形象带 来美国受众与中国更近的心理距离和更积极的对华态度，心理距离在国家媒介形 象对美国受众对华态度的影响过程中起到部分中介作用；在呈现热情形象时，使 用抽象的信息比使用具体的信息带来美国受众与中国更近的心理距离和更积极 的对华态度，心理距离在信息抽象性对美国受众对华态度的影响过程中同样起到 中介作用；而呈现能力形象时，信息抽象性对心理距离和对华态度均没有显著影响。 研究二（N = 253）仍采用实验法，使用“经济活力”和“丝绸工艺”两个话 题分别操纵中国能力形象和热情形象，在另一组美国样本中发现：在使用具体的 信息描述时，热情形象比能力形象带来美国受众与中国更近的心理距离和更积极 的对华态度，心理距离在国家形象对美国受众对华态度的影响过程中起到部分中 介作用；而使用抽象信息进行描述时，国家形象对心理距离和对华态度的影响均 不显著。另一方面，在呈现热情形象时，使用具体的信息比使用抽象的信息带来 美国受众更积极的对华态度，然而，信息抽象性对心理距离没有显著影响；在呈 现能力形象时，信息抽象性同样对心理距离和对华态度均没有显著影响。 研究三（N = 228）将研究一中使用的实验操纵材料翻译为俄文，在俄罗斯样本中发现：热情形象比能力形象带来俄罗斯受众更积极的对华态度；然而，国家媒介形象和媒介信息抽象性均对俄罗斯受众与中国的心理距离没有显著影响。 总体而言，本研究发现，对美国受众来说，热情形象比能力形象带来更积极的对华态度，在这个过程中，心理距离起到中介作用；而对俄罗斯受众来说，热 情形象同样比能力形象带来更积极的对华态度，但心理距离在其中的作用不显著；在呈现能力形象时，媒介信息抽象性没有显著作用；而在呈现热情形象时，信息 抽象性如何发挥作用可能取决于特定话题使用何种语言表达方式时能够拉近受 众和中国的心理距离。本研究的结果拓展了国家形象对外传播领域的研究，对于 通过塑造和传播国家媒介形象改善外国受众对华态度具有实践指导意义。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/47960]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王伊明. 中国媒介形象及其媒介信息抽象性对外国受众对华态度的影响:心理距离的中介作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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