乡村儿童抑郁核心症状及同伴关系的作用：基于网络分析视角
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 张胜楠 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 乡村儿童 抑郁 网络分析 |
| 学位名称 | 应用心理硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | The Core Symptoms of Depression of Chinese Rural Children and the Role of Peer Relationships: From the Perspective of Network Analysis |
| 中文摘要 | Introduction: The mental health of rural children has always attracted much attention, and depression is one of the most common psychological distresses. In the past, the classical theory, the disease entity theory, regarded psychological problems as the underlying entity behind various symptoms, and determined whether a person was depressed or not by stacking scores on a scale. However, this approach ignores the group differences and symptom heterogeneity behind the scores. In recent years, a new perspective has emerged, such as the symptom-centered network theory of mental illness, which regards depression as a mental health problem as a network composed of symptoms and their interactions, with weak connections in healthy people and strong connections in mental illnesses. This method makes up for the shortcomings of the disease entity theory. Domestic scholars prefer to study the adolescent group, which is indeed the peak of the disease, but ignore the latent stage of the disease - childhood. There are few studies on rural children, and there is also the problem of group ambiguity. This paper will explore the following questions: (1) what are the core symptoms of depression in rural children, and the possible causal relationship of depression symptoms in rural children; (2) Peer relationship - what are the bridge symptoms of depression in children, and the possible causal path between peer relationship and childhood depression symptoms. Methods: Using the Child Depression Scale, Peer Relationship Scale and demographic questionnaire, 16 rural primary schools were selected from 7 provinces of Anhui, Gansu, Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan provinces, covering rural children aged 5-15 years, with 2292 effective responses. The network analysis software package of Rstudio was mainly used to construct Gaussian model and Bayesian model. Results: Study 1: Depression Network. In the Gaussian model, the edge connection strength of "disobedience" and "fighting" is the strongest, and the partial correlation coefficient is 0.21. The core symptoms were "self-hatred" (strength=1.20, EI=1.20), "sadness" (strength=1.20, EI=1.20), "loneliness" (strength=1.10, EI=1.10), and "self-deprecation" (strength=1.00, EI=1.00). In the Bayesian model,"self-hatred" is at the very top, and nodes "self-blame", "academic difficulties" ,"pessimism" , and "social withdrawal" are at the very bottom of the network system. Study 2: Peer Relationship-Depression Network. In the Gaussian network, "good at" (bridge strength = 0.37, BEI = -0.37), "mutual aid" (bridge strength = 0.37, BEI = -0.37), "acceptance" (bridge strength = 0.34, BEI = - 0.34) and "want to make friends" (bridge strength = 0.32, BEI=-0.32) is the bridge node. Bridge symptoms of the depression network were "lack of friends" (bridge strength = 0.27, BEI = -0.27), "feeling unloved" (bridge strength = 0.28, BEI = -0.28), and "anhedonia" (bridge strength = 0.32, BEI = -0.32). In the Bayesian model, "loneliness" and "want to make friends" are at the top of the whole joint network, which are the triggering symptoms, and no other nodes point to them. "Pessimism" ,"Difficulty in Schoolwork" , "Self-blame", and "Feeling Unloved" are the end nodes of the entire federated network. The most typical symptoms of depression are "self-hatred", "sadness", "loneliness" and "self-deprecation" in rural children in the East, West and central regions, and external stress events may activate the entire depression network by inducing "self-hatred", and eventually point to the symptoms of "self-blame", "schoolwork difficulties", "pessimism" and "social withdrawal" in rural children. "Acceptance", "good at", "mutual help" and "want to make friends" are important nodes that may directly activate the symptoms of "lack of friends", "feeling unloved" and "anhedonia". |
| 英文摘要 | 乡村儿童的心理健康状况一直备受关注，其中抑郁是最常见的心理困扰之一。以往的经典理论——疾病实体理论，把心理问题看作是种种症状背后的潜在实体，判定一个人是否抑郁通过量表的划界分，超过这一分数判定为抑郁。但这种方法忽略了分数背后的群体差异和症状异质性。近些年出现了新的视角，以症状为中心的精神疾病网络理论，把抑郁这种心理健康问题看作是由症状及其相互作用所构成的网络，弱连接状态是健康人，强联结状态则是存在心理疾病。这种方法很好的弥补了疾病实体理论的不足。国内学者偏爱研究青春期群体，这确实是发病高峰，但忽视了疾病潜伏阶段——童年期。少有的研究乡村儿童这一群体的，也 存在群体模糊的问题。本文要探究以下几个问题：(1)乡村儿童抑郁的核心症状 是什么，乡村儿童抑郁症状的可能因果关联；（2）同伴关系-儿童抑郁的桥症状 有哪些，同伴关系与儿童抑郁症状可能因果路径。 本文使用儿童抑郁量表、同伴关系量表和人口学问卷，从安徽省、甘肃省、 广东省、黑龙江省、湖北省、湖南省和四川省 7 个省份中选取 16 所乡村小学， 覆盖了年龄范围在 5-15 岁的乡村儿童，有效作答人数 2292。统计分析主要采用 Rstudio 的网络分析软件包，构建高斯模型和贝叶斯模型。 研究一：抑郁网络。高斯模型，“不顺从”和“打架”边线联结强度最强，偏相关系数 0.21。核心症状是“自我憎恨”、“悲伤”、“孤独感”和“自我贬 低”。贝叶斯模型，节点“自我憎恨”位于最顶端，节点 “自我责怪”、“课 业困难”、 “悲观主义”和“社交退缩”位于布局的最底端。 研究二：同伴关系-抑郁网络。高斯网络中，“擅长”（桥强度=0.37，BEI=-0.37）、 “互助”（桥强度=0.37，BEI=-0.37）、“接纳”（桥强度=0.34，BEI=-0.34） 和“想结交”（桥强度=0.32，BEI=-0.32）是桥节点。抑郁网络的桥症状是“朋 友匮乏”（桥强度=0.27，BEI=-0.27）、“感觉不被爱”（桥强度=0.28，BEI=-0.28） 和“快感缺乏”（桥强度=0.32，BEI=-0.32）。贝叶斯模型中，“孤独感”和“想 结交”位于整个联合网络的最顶端，是诱发症状，没有其他节点指向。“悲观主义”、“课业困难”、“自我责怪”和“感觉不被爱”是整个联合网络的末端节点。 东西中部的乡村儿童最典型的抑郁症状是“自我憎恨”、“悲伤”、“孤独 感”和“自我贬低”，外界的压力事件可能是通过诱发“自我憎恨”而激活整个 抑郁网络，最终指向乡村儿童的“自我责怪” 、“课业困难”、 “悲观主义” 和 “社交退缩”等症状。“接纳”、“擅长”、“互助”和“想结交”是潜在影响乡村儿童抑郁症状的重要节点，可能会直接激活“朋友匮乏”、“感觉不被 爱”和“快感缺乏”症状。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48161]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张胜楠. 乡村儿童抑郁核心症状及同伴关系的作用：基于网络分析视角[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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