基于文言大数据的牛李两党的心理特征研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王茜 |
| 答辩日期 | 2023-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 朱廷劭 |
| 关键词 | 李德裕 牛僧儒 牛李两党 CC-LIWC 心理变化发展 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | An investigation into the psychological characteristics of the Niu and Li factions through the lens of Classical Chinese big data |
| 中文摘要 | Historical psychology endeavors to elucidate and comprehend diverse facets of human history through the application of psychological methodologies. Historical events exert a profound influence on individuals and society, with historical figures assuming pivotal roles in these events. Scrutinizing the psychology of historical figures facilitates a more profound comprehension of the essence and significance inherent in historical events. The "Niu-Li Party Struggle" denotes the political rivalry that transpired between the Li Party, led by Li Deyu, and the Niu Party, headed by Niu Monk and Yu, during the latter half of the 9th century AD in the late Tang Dynasty. This prominent factional strife holds significant historical importance within the annals of Chinese feudal history. Chen Yinke highlighted in his Draft of Political History of the Tang Dynasty that this feud between the Niu-Li Parties originated during the reign of Emperor Xianzong and endured for nearly four decades until the era of Emperor Xuanzong, profoundly influencing Tang Dynasty politics and society. Existing scholarship offers varying perspectives on which party was progressive or regressive during this period, resulting in contradictions and discrepancies when evaluating both parties.Preliminary Translation: "The appraisal of the contributions rendered by the Niu and Li factions in history exhibits discrepancies and variations. This article, based on the aforementioned content, aims to delve into the comparative worth of their contributions to the social advancement of the late Tang Dynasty. By examining the psychological traits and behavioral transitions of pivotal figures from both factions, it seeks to clarify the debate between progress and regression, aiding readers in achieving a more objective understanding of these factions from a psychological standpoint. Furthermore, the intention is to enhance our comprehension of how the Niu-Li factional strife influenced the political landscape and political culture during the late Tang Dynasty in the realms of historical research and political science. Investigating and analyzing the psychological shifts of historical figures before and after momentous occurrences can contribute to explaining and comprehending their progression, as well as that of historical events." In order to explore the contribution of the Niu and Li factions to the social development of the late Tang Dynasty, this paper employs the ancient CC-LIWC dictionary and utilizes big data analysis in classical Chinese to investigate the overall psychological development of Li Deyu and Niu Shengru, as well as the psychological characteristics of key figures from both parties. This study combines quantitative research with qualitative research through three analyses, examining the contribution value of these two factions to late Tang society, as well as comparing the self-narrative corpus of Li Deyu before, during, and after his tenure as prime minister, along with Niu Shengru's and Li Shengru's experiences from their official entry until the end of party struggle. The primary objective of Research 1 is to investigate the psychological distinctions between the Niu and Li factions by meticulously examining a vast corpus of classical Chinese literature. This comprehensive analysis will contribute to understanding the contradictory assessments of these two parties throughout history, and will comparatively evaluate their respective contributions to the social development of the late Tang Dynasty from diverse perspectives. Furthermore, it will delve into the underlying reasons for the failure of the Li faction through a thorough psychological and semantic assessment. Research 2 is dedicated to examining the behavioral changes in Li Deyu before and after his appointment as prime minister. The study reveals that prior to his first term, Li Deyu held strong aspirations and expectations for his career, whereas during the prelude to his second term, he displayed a greater degree of negativity and melancholy, resorting to entertainment as a form of escapism. By contrasting these two periods, the research indicates that Li Deyu devoted more attention to his family during his first term in comparison to his second term. The sense of psychological disparity diminished during his second term, concurrent with a perceived increase in risks. Moreover, by comparing the instances of Li Deyu's dismissal from office, the study finds that after being dismissed for the second time, he exhibited greater anger and dissatisfaction, which helps to explain the inconsistencies in previous studies regarding his post-dismissal characteristics. Research 3 highlights that, despite perceiving higher risks, Li Deyu invested considerable energy into his work while maintaining a high level of enthusiasm. Conversely, Niu Sengru prioritized the pursuit of power. To address the discrepancies in historical assessments of the Niu and Li factions and unravel their contributions to late Tang society, this study employs a data-driven analysis of classical Chinese texts to examine the overall psychological shifts and developments of Li Deyu and Niu Sengru. Through quantitative analysis, we aim to obtain insights into their psychological profiles during that time, which will contribute to a more objective evaluation of both parties and partially elucidate the reasons for the downfall of the Li faction from a psychological semantic perspective. |
| 英文摘要 | 历史心理学试图通过心理学的方法来解释和理解人类历史的各个方面。历史事件会对个人和社会产生影响，历史人物是历史事件的主要参与者，对历史人物的心理分析有助于我们深入理解历史事件的本质和意义。“牛李党争”是指晚唐 时期，即公元 9 世纪前半期以李德裕为领袖的李党与牛僧孺为领袖的牛党之间的斗争，是中国封建历史中一次著名的党争。陈寅恪在《唐代政治史述论稿》中指出，牛李党争从唐宪宗时期开始，一直持续到唐宣宗时期，持续了将近四十年，对唐朝的政治和社会产生了深远的影响。既有研究对于牛李两党在晚唐时期孰为进步、孰是落后所持观点不一，对于牛李两党的评价存在矛盾和分歧。 为了探究牛李两党对晚唐社会发展的贡献价值，本文基于古文 CC-LIWC 词典和文言大数据的分析方法，从历史心理学的角度，通过量化研究与质性研究相结合的方式，探究李德裕、牛僧儒整体的心理变化发展和牛李两党主要人物的心理特征。本文开展了三项研究，通过对李德裕为相前、为相期间和罢相后及牛僧儒自入仕至党争结束、牛李两党主要人物的自述性语料进行比较，以分析牛李两党对晚唐社会的贡献价值、李德裕和牛僧儒的心理特征和变化发展。 研究一通过文言文大语料分析，检验牛李两党呈现的心理特征差异，以解释历史对于两党评价的矛盾性问题，进而比较牛李两党对晚唐社会发展的贡献价值的不同，也从心理语义角度对李党失败的原因进行了探究。研究二通过对李德裕为相前后的分析比较，发现其在第一次为相前，对于仕途生涯有着强烈的期盼和渴望，但第二次为相前则表现为更倾向于消极和悲伤，内心有差异感从而寻求娱乐以排遣。通过对其两次为相期间的比较，发现李德裕第一次为相期间在家庭上的关注较其第二次为相期间高。第二次为相期间心理差异感较第一次有所减少，同时心理感受到的风险升高。通过对李德裕两次罢相的比较，发现其第二次罢相 后心理的变化发展更倾向于愤怒不满，解释了既有研究对于李德裕二次罢相后心理特征理解不一致的问题。研究三发现李德裕将更多的精力投入到了工作当中， 虽有较高的风险感知，但是对于工作的热情度仍然较高。牛僧儒则将更多的精力 投入到对权力的追逐当中。 为解决历史上对牛李两党评价出现分歧带来的矛盾性并探究两党对晚唐社会的贡献，本文通过文言大数据分析的方式，探究李德裕和牛僧儒整体的心理变化发展，从定量分析的角度了解李德裕和牛僧儒当时的心理特征，有助于对牛李两党进行客观评价，也从心理语义角度部分解释了李党失败的原因。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48174]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王茜. 基于文言大数据的牛李两党的心理特征研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2023. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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