基于仿生学和生物运动感知的新型 eHMI 设计及交互效果验证
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 郑亚骅 |
| 答辩日期 | 2023-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 张警吁 |
| 关键词 | 自动驾驶汽车 车外人机交互界面 生物运动 仿生 自然交互 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Design and Validation of An Innovative eHMI inspired by Bionics and Biological Motion Perception |
| 中文摘要 | The development of autonomous vehicles technology provides solutions to provide safer, more efficient, and more convenient modes of transportation, but because autonomous vehicles are no longer able to interact with pedestrians based on gestures or expressions in the same way that human drivers do, establishing effective communication between autonomous vehicles and pedestrians requires relying on external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs). The existing eHMIs still has problems such as ambiguous meaning, difficult to understand across cultures, need to learn in advance, limited perception distance, etc., which will not only bring a bad interactive experience to users in the context of autonomous vehicles, but also make pedestrians have errors in perception and understanding, which in turn will lead to wrong predictions and unreasonable decision-making behaviors. Not only will this lead to an increase in pedestrian crossing risk, but will also significantly reduce user acceptance of autonomous vehicles. Therefore, we propose a new eHMI solution based on bionics and biological motion perception for the communication between autonomous vehicles and pedestrians, and try to improve the existing problems of eHMIs. First of all, we hope to produce a new eHMI prototyping solution that can be used for empirical research, so we are studying a design of eHMI prototype based on bionics and biological motion perception. Based on literature analysis and participatory design, we selected appropriate animal models and motion modes based on the key interaction requirements in typical scenarios, modeled them in 3D to form light point actions and integrated them into the vehicle model, then completed a new eHMI prototype design based on bionics and biological motion perception. Then, in Study 2, we hope to research whether this new type of eHMI has better comprehensibility and brings more pleasant interaction experience. Study 2 recruited 32 Chinese adults to participate in a comparative experiment of comprehension and interactive experience of different types of eHMIs. The results showed that compared with the Text eHMI and the Non-display condition, the Bio-Motion eHMI had significant advantages in the objective measurement and subjective evaluation of comprehensibility, and the overall interactive experience. This study preliminarily verifies that this new eHMI design has excellent comprehensibility and user experience. Besides, we hope to explore whether this significant advantage of the new eHMI in Study 2 is cross-culturally consistent through Study 3. Therefore, we carried out a cross-cultural study to research the comprehensibility of Bio-Motion eHMI, and recruited 35 Chinese and 35 Germans to conduct comparative experiments on the comprehension and interactive experience of different types of eHMI by participants from different cultural backgrounds. The results showed that in Text eHMI condition, both Chinese and German subjects had a native language advantage, while the understanding of non-native eHMI was no different from that of the Non-display condition. However, the Chinese and German participants both showed the highest level of comprehension of the Bio-Motion eHMI, which indicates that the Bio-Motion eHMI has a cross-cultural comprehension advantage. In addition, subjective scores show that this new eHMI also brings a better interactive experience to Chinese and German subjects. Finally, we hope to explore whether this new eHMI has a positive impact on the pedestrian crossing decision-making process and whether this positive impact has cross-cultural consistency. Therefore, in Study 4, we recruited 25 Chinese subjects and 25 German subjects to conduct video understanding and button response experiments based on virtual reality scenes, that is, the participants were asked to play the role of a pedestrian and press the button according to their perceived safety level when facing an autonomous vehicle with different eHMIs. The results show that in the yield scenario, the Bio-Motion eHMI can bring more safety to the participants, while in the non-yielding scenario, the Bio-Motion eHMI can help pedestrians make safer crossing decisions. Overall, the positive effect of Bio-Motion eHMI on pedestrian crossing decisions was observed in both countries, indicating that the effect of Bio-Motion eHMI on safer street crossing behavior is consistent across cultures. In summary, in this research we have completed the design of a prototype scheme of a new eHMI and carried out empirical verification of this new eHMI. We believe that this new eHMI can not only provide a highly understandable natural interaction scheme for vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, assisting pedestrians to understand the vehicle’s intentions and make safer crossing decisions, but also bring users a more pleasant interaction experience with the vehicle, which will help promote the development of external human-machine interfaces and help increase users’ acceptance of autonomous vehicles quickly and accurately.. |
| 英文摘要 | 自动驾驶技术的发展为提供更安全、高效、便利的交通方式提供了解决方案，但是由于自动驾驶汽车不再能够像人类驾驶员那样与行人进行基于手势或表情的互动，因此在自动驾驶汽车与行人之间建立有效沟通需要依赖于车外人机交互界面（eHMIs）。 现有的车外人机交互界面依然存在表意模糊、跨文化难理解、需要预先学习、 感知距离有限等等问题，这些问题不仅会给自动驾驶情境下的用户带来不好的交互体验，还会让行人产生感知、理解上的错误，进而导致错误的预测，做出不合理的决策行为。这些不仅会导致行人过街风险的增加，也会大大减少用户对自动驾驶汽车的接受度。因此我们提出了一种基于仿生学和生物运动感知的新型 eHMI 方案用于自动驾驶汽车与行人之间的交流，并试图去改善现有车外人机交互界面（eHMIs）存在的问题，我们围绕这套创新解决方案，开展了如下四个研究。 首先，我们希望通过研究一产出一套可用于进行实证研究的新型 eHMI 原型 设计方案，因此在研究一基于仿生学和生物运动感知的 eHMI 原型方案设计中， 我们结合文献分析和参与式设计，基于典型场景下的关键交互需求，选取了合适的动物模型和运动模式，将其 3D 建模后形成光点动作并融合进车辆模型，完成了一套基于仿生学和生物运动感知的新型 eHMI 原型方案设计。 然后，我们希望通过研究二生物运动光点 eHMI 的可理解性研究来探讨这种新型 eHMI 是否具有更好的可理解性，并带来更为愉悦的交互体验。于是研究二 招募了 32 名中国成年人被试参加了一项对于不同类型 eHMI 的理解性及交互体验对比实验。结果显示，与基于文字的 eHMI 和空白组相比，被试对生物运动光点 eHMI 在可理解性的客观测量和主观评估上，在整体交互体验上都具有显著优势。这一研究初步验证了这种新型 eHMI 设计具有极佳的可理解性和体验感。 之后，我们希望通过研究三来探讨研究二中新型 eHMI 表现出的这种显著优势是否具有跨文化一致性。于是我们开展研究三生物运动光点 eHMI 可理解性的跨文化研究，招募了 35 名中国人和 35 名德国人进行了不同文化背景被试对于不同类型 eHMI 的理解性及交互体验对比实验。结果表明，当 eHMI 用文字进行表 达时，无论是中国还是德国被试都出现了母语优势，而对非母语 eHMI 的理解与空白组无异。但是，中国和德国被试对生物运动光点 eHMI 的理解均呈现出最高程度的理解水平，这说明生物运动光点 eHMI 具有跨文化的理解性优势。并且，主观评分显示，这种新型 eHMI 还为中德两国被试带来了更好的交互体验。 最后，我们希望通过研究四，新型 eHMI 对行人过街决策影响的跨文化研究来探讨这种新型 eHMI 对于行人过街决策过程是否产生了积极的影响，这种积极影响是否具有跨文化的一致性。因此，研究四我们招募了 25 名中国被试和 25 名德国被试，通过开展基于虚拟现实场景的视频理解和按键反应实验，即要求被试扮演一名行人，在面对装备了不同 eHMI 的自动驾驶车辆驶来时，根据自身感知安全程度进行按键操作。结果表明，在让行场景下，生物运动光点 eHMI 可以给 被试带来更多安全感；而在不让行场景下，生物运动光点 eHMI 有助于行人做出 更安全的过街决策。总体来说，在两国被试中都观察到了生物运动光点 eHMI 对于行人过街决策的积极影响，这说明生物运动光点 eHMI 有助于更安全的过街行为这一效果具有跨文化一致性。 综上，我们在这项基于仿生学和生物运动感知的新型 eHMI 设计及交互效果验证的研究中，完成了一套新型 eHMI 原型方案的设计，并对这套新型 eHMI 进行了实证验证。我们认为这种新型 eHMI 不仅可以为车辆与行人的通信提供一种充满高可理解性的自然交互方案，辅助行人快速准确地理解车辆意图，从而做出更安全的过街决策；同时，这种新型车外交互方式也可以为用户带来更为愉悦的交互体验，这将有助于推动车外人机交互系统的发展，有助于增加用户对于自动驾驶的接受度。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48214]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郑亚骅. 基于仿生学和生物运动感知的新型 eHMI 设计及交互效果验证[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2023. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。