声音对中国大学生群体的压力恢复作用及其时间进程
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 朱正清 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 刘正奎 |
| 关键词 | 压力恢复 时间进程 自然声音 国际情感数字声音库-2 (IADS-2) 广义加性模型 (GAM) |
| 学位名称 | 应用心理硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | Stress Recovery Effect of Sounds on Chinese College Students and its Time Course |
| 中文摘要 | Background: Stress is an important issue in contemporary Chinese society, and timely recovery from acute stress is crucial for individuals’ mental and physical well- being. Therefore, there is an urgent need for finding a viable and widely applicable intervention method of stress recovery. Previous research focused on top-down interventions which is aimed to promoting individuals’ coping ability of stress, while the bottom-up based on the environment could contribute to stress recovery more spontaneously, thus possessing strong practical value. Sound, as an important environmental feature and information carrier, plays a unique and vital role in stress generation and recovery. Researchers focusing on stress recovery has proposed various theories to explain the restorative effects of different sounds, and they have found that compared to stimulus from other channels, sounds have unique effects on cognitive functions and emotional induction. However, there remains several issues in current research. Firstly, there are cultural difference in emotional and stress responses to sounds, thus previous studies’ results cannot be generalized to Chinese populations. Therefore, we are still unclear about the emotional responses to different sounds in Chinese culture and which sounds are most conducive to stress recovery. Additionally, traditional researches using International Affective Digital Sounds (IADS) lacks assessment of basic emotional indicators, thus they cannot further refine the subjective experience induced by sounds. Finally, the presentation manner of sounds could affect the restorative effects, and we are yet to understand how different combinations of restorative sounds affect stress recovery and its time course. Objective: Based on the aforementioned issues, our study aimed to explore which sounds are the most stress restorative sounds, and then further investigate the effect of different combinations of restorative sounds (single sound/mixed sound environment) on stress recovery outcome and its time course. Methods: The first part of our study involved the adaptation and expansion of recovery. Subjective reports and various physiological indicators are collected concurrently, and a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) is established. This model takes the combination and presentation time of sounds as independent variables and stress recovery quantity as the dependent variable, exploring the effects of different combinations of sounds on stress recovery outcome and its time course. Results: The first part of our study founded that natural sounds are the most stress restorative sounds in Chinese university students, and this result possessed a cross-cultural consistency. The second part reflected that compared to listening no sounds or single sound, listening mixed sound environment could bring greater physiological stress recovery effects, without influencing the time course of stress recovery. Curve analysis of the smoothed curves fitted by the GAM revealed that regardless of the presence of sound stimuli, stress recovery occurs in four stages: rapid decline, fluctuation, slow decline, and stabilization. Furthermore, we found that the optimal efficiency for recovery in a mixed sound environment is achieved at 3-4 minutes, while the maximum effectiveness is attained at 7-7.5 minutes. Conclusion: In summary, our study not only identified the natural sounds as the most stress restorative sounds in Chinese culture, but also revealed that the mixed sound environment induced the largest stress recovery outcome. Furthermore, we delineated the time course of stress recovery and try to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which mixed sound environment may operate in different stages. Finally, we preliminarily discussed the potential applications of mixed natural sound environment, which fostered the development of stress recovery interventions based on sound stimulus. |
| 英文摘要 | 背景：压力是当前中国社会的一大重要问题，而急性压力的及时恢复对个体的身心健康非常重要，因此我们亟需找到一种可行性强和适用性广的压力恢复干预方法。以往研究聚焦于自上而下的基于个体的干预方法以促进个体压力应对能力，而自下而上基于环境的干预可能能够潜移默化地带来压力恢复，因此也具有较强的应用价值。声音作为一种重要的环境特征和信息载体，对压力的产生与恢复具有独特和重要的作用。着眼于压力恢复的研究者已提出各种理 论来解释这些声音的恢复性作用；并发现声音相比于其他通道的刺激，对于认知功能和情绪诱发具有独特作用。但目前研究仍然存在以下问题：首先，对声音的情绪性和压力反应存在文化间差异，以往研究结果无法直接推广至中国群 体，因此我们尚不清楚中国文化下不同声音的情绪性反应以及何种声音最具压力恢复性。此外，传统国际情绪数字声音库 (International Affective Digital Sounds, IADS) 的研究缺乏对基本情绪指标的评定，无法进一步细化声音所诱发的主观体验。最后，声音的呈现方式也会影响恢复效果，我们尚不清楚不同组合方式的恢复性声音的如何影响压力恢复及其时间进程。 研究目的：基于上述问题，本研究想要探索在中国文化下具有压力恢复性的声音有哪些；并进一步探讨不同组合方式的恢复性声音 (单一声音刺激/混合声环境) 对压力恢复效果和时间进程的影响，从而推动理论研究和实践应用的开 发。 研究方法：本研究的第一部分对 IADS-2 进行基于中国群体的修订和扩展，纳入基本情绪指标，以中国大学生群体为被试，确定各种声音的情绪性指标，为之后的压力恢复研究找到合适的声音素材。此外，本研究还查阅了其他国家的 IADS-2 修订的公开数据库，进行了初步的文化间比较和差异分析。本研究的第二部分采用改良版蒙特利尔范式诱发压力并提供恢复性声音诱导压力恢复，同时收集主观报告和各类生理指标，并建立广义加性模型（Generalized additive model, GAM）。该模型以声音的组合方式和呈现时间为自变量，压力 恢复量为因变量，探讨声音的不同组合方式的压力恢复效果及其时间进程。 研究结果：本研究第一部分发现对于中国大学生来说自然声音最具压力恢复潜力，且结果具有跨文化一致性。研究的第二部分发现相比于无声音刺激，或者单一声音刺激，自然声音合成的混合声环境能够带来更大的生理压力恢复效果，但不会影响压力恢复的时间进程。通过对 GAM 所拟合的平滑曲线进行曲线分析，我们发现不论是否呈现声音刺激，压力恢复都会按照快速下降、波动、缓慢下降和平稳四个进程来进行。我们进一步发现了混合声环境呈现 3-4分钟能达到效率最大化恢复，7-7.5 分钟能达到效果最大化恢复。 研究结论：总而言之，本研究不仅找到了在中国文化下最具压力恢复性的 声音——自然声音，还发现了混合声环境的压力恢复效果最佳。此外，我们确 定了压力恢复的时间进程，并尝试探讨混合声环境在不同时间进程中起作用的 潜在机制。最后我们初步探讨了混合自然声环境的潜在应用价值，促进基于声 音刺激的压力恢复干预方法的开发。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48164]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_应用研究版块 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 朱正清. 声音对中国大学生群体的压力恢复作用及其时间进程[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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