相对剥夺感对大学生攻击性的影响:一个有调节的中介模型
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王梦瑶 |
| 答辩日期 | 2023-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 相对剥夺感 公正世界信念 道德推脱 攻击性 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The effect of relative deprivation on aggressiveness of college students: A moderated mediation model |
| 中文摘要 | In university campuses, incidents of students attacking others or being attacked themselves are not uncommon. Not only can this cause depression and anxiety in victims, but it also drives the perpetrators to exhibit more antisocial behaviors or even violate laws and regulations after they join society. Therefore, analyzing this phenomenon would not only contribute to the expansion and supplementation of research in the field of collegiate violent behaviors, but also assist educators in devising effective plans to reduce student violence. External situations are critical factors affecting these aggressiveness. Relative deprivation is an individual factor dependent on external conditions, resulting in an unsatisfactory mental state after the individual compares themselves with others. After feeling deprived, individuals may experience emotions such as jealousy and anger, which may lead to aggressive actions for instant gratification. However, it's still unclear "how" relative deprivation "causes" violent behavior and "under what conditions" it affects the timeline of the two. Hence, this research will explore the impact mechanism of relative deprivation on aggression based on the individual-environment interaction model and the general aggression model theory, employing questionnaires and experimental methods. Study One employs questionnaire methodology, involving 1169 university students as subjects, exploring the impact of relative deprivation on aggressiveness, as well as the mediating role of belief in a just world and the moderating role of moral disengagement in this process, thereby constructing a moderated mediation model. Study Two uses experimental methodology, featuring 59 university students as subjects, by triggering varying degrees of relative deprivation in the students, it further examines the differences in belief in a just world and aggressive tendencies under high and low levels of moral disengagement, thereby validating the stability and reliability of the model proposed in Study One. Research Results: (1) In Study One, significant correlations were found among relative deprivation, belief in a just world, moral disengagement, and aggressiveness. Relative deprivation significantly positively predicted aggressive behavior amongst university students. The belief in a just world played a partial mediating role, while moral disengagement served a moderating role, specifically moderating the path from relative deprivation to belief in a just world. (2) In Study Two, moral disengagement significantly influenced the level of belief in a just world among subjects from the relative deprivation activation group. Specifically, under conditions of high moral disengagement, the belief in a just world among subjects in the relative deprivation activation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Similarly, under conditions of low moral disengagement, the belief in a just world among subjects from the relative deprivation activation group was also significantly lower compared to the control group. This study uncovers the mechanism of the impact of relative deprivation on university students' aggressiveness, emphasizing the roles of belief in a just world and moral disengagement therein. The findings of this research can aid educators in formulating effective strategies to suppress aggressiveness amongst university students, thus reducing the incidence of such behaviors on university campuses. |
| 英文摘要 | 在大学校园中，大学生攻击他人或被他人攻击的事件屡见不鲜，这不仅会导致受害者产生抑郁和焦虑，还会促使实施者在步入社会后产生更多的反社会行为甚至触犯法律法规。因此，分析这一现象不仅有助于拓展和补充大学生攻击行为 领域的研究，更有利于教育者制定行之有效的方案减少学生的攻击倾向。外部情境是影响大学生攻击性的重要因素。而相对剥夺感是一种依赖于外部环境的个体 因素，是个体在与他人比较后产生的不良心理状态。个体在感到被剥夺之后，会产生嫉妒和愤怒等情绪，进而可能采取攻击他人的方式获得即时满足。但相对剥夺感是“如何提高”攻击性以及在“何种条件”下影响二者之间关系的还尚不清楚。 因此，本研究将基于个体-环境交互作用模型和一般攻击模型理论，运用问卷法和实验法，探讨相对剥夺感对攻击性的影响机制。 研究一采用问卷法，以1169名大学生为被试，考察了相对剥夺感对攻击性的影响，以及在这一过程中公正世界信念的中介作用和道德推脱的调节作用，构建了一个有调节的中介模型。研究二采用实验法，以59名大学生为被试，通过启动大学生不同程度的相对剥夺感，进一步分析了在高、低道德推脱水平下，大学生公正世界信念水平和攻击性倾向的差异，以此验证研究一模型的稳定性和可靠性 研究结果：（1）在研究一中，相对剥夺感、公正世界信念、道德推脱和攻击性之间显著相关。相对剥夺感显著正向预测大学生攻击性，公正世界信念起部分中介作用，同时道德推脱起调节作用，具体调节相对剥夺感→公正世界信念这一路径。具体来说，无论道德推脱水平高还是低，相对剥夺感对公正世界信念的负向预测作用都显著，但当道德推脱水平较高时，相对剥夺感对公正世界信念的预测作用反而减弱。道德推脱不调节中介模型的直接路径和后半段路径。（2）在研究二中，道德推脱显著影响了相对剥夺感启动组被试的公正世界信念水平。 具体而言，在高道德推脱水平条件下，相对剥夺感启动组被试的公正世界信念水平显著低于对照组；在低道德推脱水平条件下，相对剥夺感启动组被试的公正世界信念水平同样显著低于对照组。 本研究揭示了相对剥夺感对大学生攻击性的影响机制，重点强调了公正世界信念和道德推脱在二者之间的作用。本研究结果可帮助教育工作者为抑制大学生的攻击行为制定有效方案，以此来减少大学校园中攻击行为的发生率。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48224]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王梦瑶. 相对剥夺感对大学生攻击性的影响:一个有调节的中介模型[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2023. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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