青少年共情与情绪韧性的关系：抑郁和自我效能感的中介作用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王君
|
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 胡理 |
| 关键词 | 共情 情绪韧性 抑郁 自我效能感 社交活动 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Effects of Adolescent Empathy on Emotional Resilience: The Mediating Role of Depression and Self-Efficacy |
| 中文摘要 | Emotional resilience is an important influencing factor of adolescent mental health, which is a protective factor for children in high-pressure and negative life situations, which can promote adolescents' positive emotional ability and emotional recovery ability and is of great significance for the healthy development of adolescents. Empathy is also an important factor influencing the mental health of adolescents. The study found that appropriate empathy can improve emotional resilience, and there are coupling points between the two at the emotional and cognitive levels. Based on the above understanding, this study adopts a mixed research method combining qualitative and quantitative to explore the impact of empathy on emotional resilience, the mediating role of depression and self-efficacy, and the moderating role of social activities, to provide a targeted reference for related work. This study is divided into three parts, study 1 uses semi-structured interviews, selects 18 adolescents aged 11~15 who intend to participate in the interview as qualitative exploration research objects, and explores the related factors related to positive emotions, negative emotions, emotional recovery ability, and emotional recovery methods involved in adolescent emotional resilience. In particular, the characteristics and causes of the emotional resilience of identical twins were qualitatively explored. In the second study, 1666 adolescents aged 11~15 in 7 provinces (cities) of Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang and Fujian were effectively surveyed and analyzed by volume by quantitative cross-sectional study. In the second study, the common method bias test, independent sample test and differentiation test were carried out on the survey data, and then SPSS26.0 and PROCESS were used to explore the relationship between emotional empathy and emotional resilience in adolescents, the mediating role of depression and self-efficacy, and the moderating role of social activities, and the mediating effect of depression and self-efficacy was tested by Bootstrap method. Study 3 used a longitudinal study to examine the longitudinal stability of each variable and the longitudinal mediating role of depression and self-efficacy based on the results of Study 2. The results of the first study showed that adolescents perceived their emotional resilience as good. Academic achievement, parent-child relationship, and peer support are important factors affecting adolescents' emotions, and social activities play an important role in adolescents' emotional recovery. The emotional characteristics and influencing factors of emotional resilience in twins were highly consistent. The results of Study 2 showed that empathy was significantly positively correlated with emotional resilience , and depression played a mediating role in the relationship between empathy and emotional resilience. Self-efficacy played an incomplete mediating role between empathy and emotional resilience. Social activities moderated the relationship between empathy and depression. Social activities moderated the relationship between empathy and self-efficacy. The results of the third study showed that empathy could predict depression and self-efficacy after one year, depression and self-efficacy could predict emotional resilience after one year, depression played a longitudinal mediating role between empathy and emotional resilience, and self-efficacy played a longitudinal mediating role between empathy and emotional resilience. Based on the three-part study, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) Empathy and emotional resilience were positively correlated, and the higher the empathy, the higher the emotional resilience; (2) Depression played a complete mediating role between empathy and emotional resilience and played a vertical mediating role; (3) Self-efficacy played an incomplete mediating role between empathy and emotional resilience, and the influence of self-efficacy on empathy and emotional resilience played a masking effect and played a longitudinal mediating role; (4) The mediating effect of self-efficacy and depression between empathy and emotional resilience was moderated by social activities, and the higher the level of social activity, the more obvious the impact of empathy on self-efficacy and depression. This study examines the relationship between empathy and emotional resilience based on the overlap of the components of the two. It has obvious novelty in terms of research design, ideas and content, which expands the research boundary of emotional resilience to a certain extent, and also provides a valuable theoretical reference for educational practice. |
| 英文摘要 | 情绪韧性是青少年心理健康重要的影响因素，它是儿童在高压、负性生活情境下的保护因素，能够促进青少年的积极情绪能力以及情绪恢复能力，对青少年健康发展具有重要的意义。共情同样是青少年心理健康的重要影响因素。研究发现，适当的共情能够提升情绪韧性，且二者在情绪和认知两个层面存在耦合点。基于以上认识，本研究采取质性和量化相结合的混合研究方法，探索共情对情绪韧性的影响，探究抑郁和自我效能感的中介作用，社交活动的调节作用，以期为相关工作提供有针对性的参考。 情绪韧性是青少年心理健康重要的影响因素，它是儿童在高压、负性生活情境下的保护因素，能够促进青少年的积极情绪能力以及情绪恢复能力，对青少年健康发展具有重要的意义。共情同样是青少年心理健康的重要影响因素。研究发现，适当的共情能够提升情绪韧性，且二者在情绪和认知两个层面存在耦合点。基于以上认识，本研究采取质性和量化相结合的混合研究方法，探索共情对情绪韧性的影响，探究抑郁和自我效能感的中介作用，社交活动的调节作用，以期为相关工作提供有针对性的参考。 本研究分为三个部分，研究一采用半结构化访谈方式，选取了18名 11~15 岁有意参加访谈的青少年作为质性探索的研究对象，针对青少年情绪韧性涉及的积极情绪、消极情绪、情绪恢复能力、情绪恢复方式等相关因素进行了探索。研究二采用横断研究的方法，对北京、上海、浙江、四川、云南、新疆、福建7个 省（市）的 1666 名11~15岁青少年进行了有效的问卷调查。研究二对调查数据进行了共同方法偏差检验、独立样本检验、差异化检验，随后采用 SPSS26.0 与 PROCESS 对青少年情绪共情与情绪韧性的关系、抑郁和自我效能感的中介作用、社交活动的调节作用进行探索，并使用Bootstrap 法检验抑郁和自我效能感的中介效应。研究三针对研究二的结果，采用纵向研究的方法检验了各变量的纵向稳定性以及抑郁和自我效能的纵向中介作用。 研究一结果表明：青少年自我判断情绪韧性良好。学习效能、亲子关系、同伴支持是影响青少年情绪的重要因素，社交活动在青少年积极情绪形成和情绪恢复中起到了重要的作用。研究二结果表明：共情与情绪韧性呈显著正相关，抑郁在共情与情绪韧性之间起中介作用。自我效能感在共情与情绪韧性之间起不完全中介作用。社交活动能够调节共情和抑郁之间的关系；社交活动能够调节共情和自我效能感之间的关系。研究三结果表明：共情可以预测一年后的抑郁和自我效能感，抑郁和自我效能感可以预测一年后的情绪韧性，抑郁在共情和情绪韧性之间发挥纵向中介作用，自我效能感在共情和情绪韧性之间发挥纵向中介作用。 基于三个部分的研究，得出如下结论：（1）青少年共情与情绪韧性正相关，共情越高，情绪韧性越高；（2）抑郁在共情和情绪韧性之间起完全中介作用，并起到纵向中介作用；（3）自我效能感在共情和情绪韧性之间起不完全中介作用，自我效能感对共情和情绪韧性的影响起遮掩效应，并起纵向中介作用；（4）自我效能感和抑郁在共情和情绪韧性间的中介效应受到社交活动的调节，社交活动水平越高，共情对自我效能感和抑郁的影响越明显。 基于三个部分的研究，得出如下结论：（1）青少年共情与情绪韧性正相关，共情越高，情绪韧性越高；（2）抑郁在共情和情绪韧性之间起完全中介作用，并起到纵向中介作用；（3）自我效能感在共情和情绪韧性之间起不完全中介作用，自我效能感对共情和情绪韧性的影响起遮掩效应，并起纵向中介作用；（4）自我效能感和抑郁在共情和情绪韧性间的中介效应受到社交活动的调节，社交活动水平越高，共情对自我效能感和抑郁的影响越明显。计、思路及内容等方面均具有明显的新颖性，在一定程度上拓展了情绪韧性的研究边界，同时也为教育实践提供了有价值的理论参考。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48267]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王君. 青少年共情与情绪韧性的关系：抑郁和自我效能感的中介作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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