身心健康与中老年婚姻满意度的关系：婚姻依恋倾向的调节效应
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 赵沐恩 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 韩布新 |
| 关键词 | 身体健康 心理健康 婚姻满意度 主客体关系 婚姻依恋 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The relationship between health and marital satisfaction: moderating effect of marital attachment |
| 中文摘要 | Clinical research has found that marital relationships influence the treatment process and recovery outcomes. Consequently, most researchers tend to regard marital quality as an independent variable and health factors as dependent variables. Based on a literature review, this study posits that everyday situations and clinical settings are fundamentally different. In everyday contexts, marital quality and health are bidirectional, with health status more significantly impacting marital quality rather than the other way around. Moreover, marriage is a dyadic relationship characterized by mutual dependence and influence, with both actor effects and partner effects being significant. Due to differences in physiological foundations and family roles, the patterns of actor-partner effects may vary between husbands and wives. According to the literature, wives’ marital satisfaction is more likely influenced by the health status of their partners, while husbands are affected by both their own and their partners' health. Additionally, elderly individuals are more susceptible to health problems compared to middle-aged individuals. This study also examines the moderating role of an important trait variable— marital attachment. Marital attachment affects relational behaviors, with individuals having secure marital attachment relying more on intimate relationships to cope with external events. In contrast, insecure marital attachment manifests in two ways: (1) those with high marital attachment avoidance tend to avoid intimate relationships and do not rely on them to cope with external events, meaning their health status does not significantly impact their perception of the marriage; (2) those with high marital attachment anxiety doubt their lovability and question their self-worth, continually seeking proof of being loved. When healthy, the attention and care from their partner are typically less, leading to anxiety about the relationship; when ill, the partner’s increased attention and care result in a better relational experience. In summary, this study aims to explore two main issues: first, the bidirectional relationship between marital quality and health in everyday situations among the elderly, and second, the actor-partner effects of spouses, the differences between middle-aged and elderly individuals, and the moderating role of marital attachment. To investigate these issues, the study includes two sub-studies. Marital satisfaction is considered the most core external manifestation of marital quality, and both studies measure marital satisfaction and physical and mental health to explore the marital quality-health relationship. Study One adopts a repeated-measures research design, measuring elderly participants (N=75) twice with a two-month interval. The average age is 56.33±8.04 years. Participants were required to complete demographic questionnaires, Marital Satisfaction Scale, and the Chinese abbreviated version of the 36-item Health Survey. A cross-lagged model was used to analyze the relationship between physical and mental health and marital satisfaction. Standardized effect sizes were compared to determine whether marital quality influences physical and mental health more, or vice versa. Study Two employs a cross-sectional design, recruiting paired middle-aged and elderly married couples, totaling 113 pairs (226 individuals) with an average age of 56.72±10.94 years. Participants completed demographic questionnaires, the Marital Satisfaction Scale, the Chinese abbreviated version of the 36-item Health Survey, and a marital attachment questionnaire. A distinguishable dyadic actor-partner interdependence model was used. Besides, we examined the interaction effect between health and marital satisfaction, and conducted simple slope analyses, to investigate the moderating effect of marital attachment. The study yields the following results: (1) Elderly individuals' physical and mental health significantly positively predict subsequent marital satisfaction, but no predictive effect of marital satisfaction on subsequent physical and mental health was found. The standardized effect of physical and mental health on marital quality is stronger. (2) Wives are influenced by actor effects, while husbands are influenced by both actor and partner effects. Specifically, wives' psychological health significantly positively predicts their own and their husbands' marital satisfaction, while husbands' psychological health significantly positively predicts their own marital satisfaction. (3) No significant interaction was found between different age groups (middle-aged vs. elderly) and health, indicating no notable differences in the characteristics of actor-partner effects between these age groups. (4) Marital attachment anxiety moderates the actor-partner effects of spouses' physical health on marital satisfaction. Simple slope analyses reveal that when husbands' attachment anxiety is low, wives' physical health significantly positively predicts husbands' marital satisfaction. However, when husbands' attachment anxiety is high, wives' physical health negatively predicts (non-significantly) husbands' marital satisfaction. When wives' attachment anxiety is low, wives' physical health positively predicts (non-significantly) their own marital satisfaction, but when wives' attachment anxiety is high, wives' physical health significantly negatively predicts their own marital satisfaction. No significant interaction effect between physical and mental health and avoidance was found. In conclusion: (1) This study does not support a bidirectional relationship but suggests that health status has a greater influence on marital quality than vice versa. (2) Wives' marital satisfaction is influenced by actor psychological health rather than partner effects, while husbands' marital satisfaction is influenced by both actor psychological health and partner effects. (3) Marital attachment moderates the way health affects marital quality, with higher attachment anxiety leading to a negative relationship between health and marriage. Significance and Value of the Study: This study discusses the relationship between health and marital quality, providing insights for future interpretations of cross-sectional associations. It examines the actor-partner effects between spouses, uncovering the moderating role of marital attachment, and highlights relational style as a significant individual difference in the health-marital quality relationship. |
| 英文摘要 | 临床研究发现婚姻关系影响治疗过程和康复效果，因此大多研究者倾向视婚姻质量为自变量，健康因素为因变量。经文献梳理，本研究认为日常情景与临床情景本质不同，日常情境下婚姻质量与健康是双向关系，健康状态更多影响婚姻质量，而非反之。此外，婚姻是相互依存、相互影响的二元关系，主体效应和客体效应都很重要。妻子和丈夫由于生理基础不同、家庭角色不同等，主客体效应模式可能不同。经文献梳理，本研究认为妻子婚姻满意度易受客体健康状况影响，丈夫则既受主体影响也受客体影响，且老年人相比中年人更易受健康问题影响。 最后，本研究考察重要特质变量—婚姻依恋的调节作用。婚姻依恋影响关系行为， 婚姻依恋安全者更多借助亲密关系应对外部事件。不安全的婚姻依恋倾向则分两种情况：（1）婚姻依恋回避高者倾向躲避亲密关系，不借助关系应对外部事件，健康或好或坏不影响婚姻的感受；（2）婚姻依恋焦虑高者怀疑是否被爱、质疑自身价值，需要不断寻找被爱的证明。健康时另一半的关注和照料通常较少，主体对关系有焦虑感；患病时另一半的关注和照料通常增多，主体关系体验反而更佳。综上，本研究旨在探讨两方面问题，一是日常情景中老年婚姻质量与健康的双向关系，二是夫妻的主客体效应、中老年差异和婚姻依恋的调节作用。为探讨以上问题，本研究包含两项子研究。婚姻满意度是衡量婚姻质量最核心的外在表 现，两研究测量婚姻满意度与身心健康，探讨婚姻质量-健康关系。 研究一采用重复测量研究设计，测量已婚成年人（N=75）两次，间隔两个月。平均年龄 56.33±8.04 岁，要求完成人口学信息问卷、婚姻满意度问卷和中文简版健康调查 36 题。采用交叉滞后模型分析身心健康与婚姻满意度的关系，通过比较标准化效应量确定婚姻满意度更多影响身心健康，还是身心健康更多影响婚姻满意度。 研究二采用横断设计，招募成对已婚成年夫妻被试，共 113 对、226 人，平均年龄 56.72±10.94 岁，要求完成人口学信息问卷、婚姻满意度问卷、中文简版健康调查 36 题和婚姻依恋问卷。采用主客体互倚模型探讨夫妻主体效应与客体效应，检验身心健康与中、老年的交互作用，探讨两年龄段差异；检验身心健康与婚姻依恋的交互作用，做简单斜率分析，探讨婚姻依恋的调节效应。 本研究得到以下结果： （1）身心健康显著正向预测后续婚姻满意度，未发现婚姻满意度对后续身心健康的预测作用。身心健康对婚姻满意度的标准化效应量更强。说明婚姻满意度更多被身心健康影响，而不是影响身心健康。 （2）身心健康对婚姻满意度既有主体效应也有客体效应，加入性别与身心健康交互项，交互作用显著，说明婚姻满意度既受自身健康影响，也被另一半影响。性别差异显著，说明夫妻明显不同。分析夫妻主客体效应模式发现：妻子受主体效应影响，丈夫受主体和客体效应影响。妻子心理健康显著正向预测自身婚姻满意度；妻子心理健康显著正向预测丈夫婚姻满意度；丈夫心理健康显著正向预测丈夫自身婚姻满意度。 （3）考察不同年龄段（中年与老年）与身心健康的交互作用，未发现显著交互作用。说明中老年主客体效应特点差异不明显，两阶段具有一致性。 （4）考察婚姻依恋焦虑和回避维度与身心健康的交互作用，仅婚姻依恋焦虑维度交互作用显著。说明婚姻依恋焦虑调节夫妻身体健康对婚姻满意度的主客体效应。简单斜率分析发现：妻子依恋焦虑较高时，妻子身体健康显著负向预测自身婚姻满意度水平。说明女性婚姻依恋焦虑高者，自身健康越好反而婚姻满意度倾向越差。 本研究结论：（1）本研究未支持婚姻质量-健康双向关系，支持健康状态更多影响婚姻满意度，而非婚姻满意度更多影响健康状态。婚姻质量更多被健康状况影响，而非影响健康状况。（2）夫妻主客体效应存在差异，妻子婚姻满意度受自身心理健康影响，丈夫婚姻满意度既受自身心理健康影响也被妻子心理健康影响。（3）婚姻依恋焦虑调节健康对婚姻满意度的影响，高依恋焦虑会扭曲健康与婚姻满意度的关联，健康好时反而婚姻感受较差。 本研究意义与价值: 本研究讨论健康与婚姻质量关系，为后续解释横断关联提供借鉴；本研究考察夫妻间主客体效应关系，婚姻依恋焦虑调节作用显著，说明关系风格塑造健康-婚姻质量个体差异，有益于补充相关探讨的缺失。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48282]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵沐恩. 身心健康与中老年婚姻满意度的关系：婚姻依恋倾向的调节效应[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。