母亲次子养育压力的影响因素及养育压力干预效果研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王琦 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈毅文 |
| 关键词 | 养育压力 子女教育心理控制源 二孩家庭 溢出假设 亲子关系游戏治疗 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Factors Influencing Maternal Parenting Stress for the Secondborn Child and Parenting Stress Intervention Effects Research |
| 中文摘要 | In families with two children, people generally believe that the parenting stress of parents is greater than in families with only one child. Scholars have found that the overall parenting stress in two-child families is greater than in one-child families. However, current research mainly focuses on discussing the impact of demographic variables on parenting stress in families with two children, with little discussion on the causes of parenting stress from other factors. According to Abidin's Parenting Stress Model, parental traits and family situational factors will affect the parenting stress in two-child families. This study will focus on the parenting stress of mothers in two-child families when facing the second-born child, exploring factors more relevant to families with two children, verifing the relationship between maternal locus of control and parenting stress for the second-born child, and the role of parenting stress of the first child plus the parent-child relationship of the second child. Additionally, an intervention study was conducted on mothers of two children using Child-Parent Relationship Therapy to verify whether this tool can effectively alleviate maternal parenting stress in two-child families, in order to provide more policy insights for understanding the source of parenting stress in two-child families, effectively intervene in parenting stress in families with two children, and promote the willingness to give birth to another child in one-child families. Study 1 used a questionnaire survey combining convenience sampling and random sampling to survey 499 mothers of two-child, mainly from Beijing and Guangdong. The mothers completed the Parental Locus of Control, Parenting Stress Index, and Parent-Child Relationship Scale. The results showed: (1) Parental Locus of Control can positively predict parenting stress of the first child and the second child; (2) The parentchild relationship of the second child plays a mediating role between Parental Locus of Control and parenting stress of the second child; (3) Parenting stress of the first child plays a parallel mediating role between Parental Locus of Control and parenting stress of the second child. Therefore, it is concluded that the more mothers in two-child families tend to feel responsible for the parenting outcomes (i.e., internal attribution), the more they can promote a sense of control in parenting and improve parenting stress for both children. In addition, if mothers focus on improving their relationship with one child (e.g., the first child) to reduce parenting stress of the first child, then through a spillover effect, the parenting stress of the second child will also be correspondingly improved. Study 2 utilized a group intervention of Child-Parent Relationship Therapy (CPRT), with 24 mothers mainly from Beijing, Shanghai, and other places, and conducted an intervention experiment. Questionnaire measurements were conducted before and after the experiment, using the same scales as Study 1, and a survey on the quality of the course was conducted on the intervention group at the end of the intervention. The results showed: (1) CPRT can significantly reduce the parenting stress of mothers towards the children they are focus on; (2) CPRT can significantly reduce the level of parental locus of control; (3) Regardless of which child the mother chooses to focus on, CPRT can significantly reduce the parenting stress level of both children for mothers. It is concluded that CPRT online training is an effective and feasible intervention for families with two children, which can not only improve the parenting stress of mothers towards both children but may also have long-lasting effects. |
| 英文摘要 | 人们普遍认为，二孩家庭中父母的养育压力比一孩家庭更大。学者们已发现二孩家庭的总体养育压力确实大于一孩家庭，但现有研究主要集中于讨论人口学变量对二孩家庭养育压力的影响，很少从其他因素讨论养育压力的成因。根据Abidin的养育压力三因素模型，父母特质与家庭情境因素皆会影响二孩家庭养育压力。本研究将聚焦二孩家庭中的母亲在面对次子时的养育压力，探寻与二孩家庭更加相关的因素，验证母亲教育心理控制源与次子养育压力的关系，以及长子养育压力和次子亲子关系在其中的作用。同时，对二孩母亲进行亲子关系游戏治疗的干预研究，验证这一方法在二孩家庭中是否可以有效缓解母亲养育压力，从而为理解二孩家庭养育压力来源、有效缓解二孩家庭养育压力及促进一孩家庭生育意愿提供更多政策思路。 研究一采用方便取样及随机取样结合的问卷法对主要来自北京及广东的499 名二孩母亲进行问卷调查，由母亲分别完成子女教育心理控制源量表、养育压力量表、亲子关系量表。结果表明：（1）母亲子女教育心理控制源可以正向预测长子及次子养育压力；（2）次子亲子关系在母亲子女教育心理控制源和次子养育压力之间起中介作用；（3）长子养育压力在母亲子女教育心理控制源和次子养育压力之间起并行中介作用。因此得出结论：二孩家庭中母亲越倾向认为自己要为教育结果负责（即内归因），就越能促进养育中的控制感，并且同时改善自己与两个孩子的养育压力。此外，母亲如果专注于先改善与一个孩子的关系（如 长子），降低母亲长子养育压力，那么通过溢出效应，次子的养育压力也会相应改善。 研究二采用亲子关系游戏治疗团体小组（CPRT）的形式，对主要来自北京、上海等地的24名母亲进行干预实验，并在实验前后进行问卷测量，量表与研究一 一致，后测结束时对干预组加测课程质量调查。结果表明：（1）CPRT能显著降 低母亲对所关注儿童产生的养育压力；（2）CPRT能够显著降低母亲子女教育心理控制源水平；（3）无论母亲选择关注哪个子女，CPRT都能够显著降低母亲对两个孩子的养育压力水平。因此得出结论：CPRT线上培训，是一个对二孩家庭有效且可行的干预方式，其不仅可以改善母亲与两个孩子的养育压力，也可能具有长效性。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48263]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王琦. 母亲次子养育压力的影响因素及养育压力干预效果研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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