疫苗接种心理前因量表的修订及在流行性疾病中的应用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 杨姗 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 郑蕊 |
| 关键词 | 疫苗接种 心理前因 量表 修订 流行性疾病 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Revision of the Psychological Antecedents of Vaccination Scale and its application in epidemic diseases |
| 中文摘要 | Vaccination is recognized worldwide as the most effective intervention in preventing the spread of disease, and timely vaccination can protect millions of people from vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Despite this, a significant number of people are vaccine hesitant. In order to improve the accessibility of universal vaccination, enhance herd immunity, and solve the widespread vaccine hesitancy around the world, researchers have developed vaccine hesitancy measurement tools in the past to reveal which psychological antecedent variables affect people's vaccination decisions. However, research on vaccine hesitancy in my country is still in its infancy, lacking both the development of relevant measurement tools and the systematic exploration of corresponding research. To this end, we conducted two studies: Study 1 re-revised the 3C model and 5C scale of the psychological antecedents of vaccination scale. First, we used the Chinese-English back-translation method to translate the original items; then, based on interviews and expert evaluations, we added a new emotional dimension (confusion) to the structure of the original scale and Chineseized the scale. It was revised, some questions were added, and a new the 6C psychological antecedent of vaccination scale was formed after the revision. The scale was expanded from the original five dimensions to six dimensions, including confidence, complacency, constraint, calculation, collective responsibility, confusion, and is suitable for general vaccine research. This study used simple random sampling to select 1,050 subjects across the country for psychometric testing of the scale. The research results show that the revised 6C scale of psychological antecedents of vaccination has good reliability and validity and can be used as an effective measurement tool in subsequent research. Study 2 applied the newly compiled scale in Study 1 to the study of epidemic disease vaccination: Sub-study 1 first tested the applicability of the 6C psychological antecedents of vaccination scale in epidemic disease vaccination scenarios. This study used a convenience sampling method to randomly select 2,089 subjects across the country for a questionnaire survey between December 27, 2022, and January 5, 2023. The research results show: First, the scale has good reliability and validity, indicating that 6C Scale applies not only to research on vaccines in general but also to vaccines specific to epidemic diseases. Second, the results of the hierarchical logistic regression of factors affecting vaccination show that after controlling for demographic and 5C variables, the contribution of confusion is more significant, having the greatest impact on vaccination intention are confidence, collective responsibility and confusion, followed by complacency and calculation. The higher the degree of confidence and collective responsibility, the lower the confusion, complacency, and calculation, the stronger the vaccination intention to vaccinate; constraints have no significant impact on the vaccination intention. The logistic regression results of the risk perception type on vaccination intention show that vaccine risk perception has a more significant impact on vaccination intention than disease risk perception. In sub-study 2, we tried to explore the differences in public vaccination intention during and after the pandemic. Based on the context of one year after the end of the pandemic, this study conducted re-interviews among the subjects surveyed in the first wave of sub-study one between December 2023 and January 2024 and tracked more than 700 people in the sample for the second wave of questionnaire surveys, to explore the changes in factors affecting public vaccination intentions against epidemic diseases compared to the pandemic. After the pandemic ended, the results of the hierarchical logistic regression showed that confusion still had a significant impact after controlling for demographic and 5C variables. The findings show that confidence remains the dimension that has the greatest influence on vaccination intention, followed by complacency and confusion. The higher the degree of confidence and the lower the complacency and confusion, the stronger the vaccination intention. constraints, calculations, and collective responsibility have no significant impact on the vaccination intention. The logistic regression results of the risk perception type on vaccination intention show that vaccine risk perception has a more significant impact on vaccination intention than disease risk perception. The results of the difference test on the mean scores of each variable of the 6C scale in the two waves of data in Study 2 showed that the differences in confidence, collective responsibility, and confusion were not significant, while the differences in complacency, constraint, and calculation were significant. The results of the paired samples t-test showed that people’s complacency, calculation and perceived risk of vaccination were higher after the end of the pandemic than during the pandemic. In summary, through the two waves of survey results in Study 2, it was found that the two factors of confidence and confusion are psychological antecedents of vaccination that remain affective during and after the pandemic and in changing circumstances. We should strengthen the public's understanding of vaccines in future research. confidence, reduce confusion about vaccines, and provide effective intervention measures to reduce vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccination rates. Based on the above studies, this study first solves the problem of the lack of effective measurement tools in the field of domestic vaccine hesitancy. Secondly, the application of the scale during and after the vaccine pandemic also provides us with an understanding of the influencing factors of people's propensity to vaccinate at different stages of public health events. This research result provides a psychological basis for the formulation of policies in public health-related fields. |
| 英文摘要 | 疫苗接种在全世界范围内都被公认为是预防疾病传播最具成效的干预措施，及时接种可以使数百万人免于疫苗可预防的传染病侵害。尽管如此，仍然有相当多的人存在疫苗犹豫的现象。为提高全民疫苗接种的可及性，增强群体免疫，解决全球普遍存在的疫苗犹豫问题，以往研究者开发了疫苗犹豫测量工具，用以揭示哪些心理前因变量影响了民众的疫苗接种的决策。然而，我国疫苗犹豫相关的研究还处于起步阶段，既缺乏相关测量工具的开发，也缺乏相应研究的系统探索，为此，我们进行了两项研究： 研究一重新修订了疫苗接种心理前因量表 3C 模型和 5C 量表。首先，我们采用中英文回译法，对原有条目进行了翻译；随后，我们基于访谈和专家评定，在原有量表的结构中新增加一个情感维度（困惑），并对量表进行中国化修订，增加了部分题目，修订后形成了新的疫苗接种心理前因 6C 量表，该量表由原来五个维度拓展到六个维度，包含信任、自满、限制、计算、集体责任、困惑，适用于一般疫苗的研究。本研究采用简单随机取样的方法选取全国 1050 名被试对该量表进行心理测量学检验。研究结果显示：修订后的疫苗接种心理前因 6C 量表具有较好的信度、效度，可以作为后续研究的有效测量工具。 研究二将研究一中新编的量表应用于流行性疾病疫苗接种的研究中：子研究一首先检验了疫苗接种心理前因 6C 量表在流行性疾病疫苗接种场景中的适用性。本研究采用方便抽样法，于 2022 年 12 月 27 日至 2023 年 1 月 5 日期间，在全国范围内随机选取了 2089 名被试进行问卷调查，研究结果显示：首先，该量 表信效度良好，表明 6C 量表不仅适用于一般疫苗的研究，还适用于流行性疾病特定疫苗的研究；其次，疫苗接种影响因素的分层逻辑回归结果显示，在控制了人口统计学及 5C 变量后，加入困惑后的贡献更显著，对疫苗接种意愿影响最大的是信任、集体责任和困惑维度，其次是自满和计算。较高的信任程度和集体责任、较低的困惑情绪、自满和计算，疫苗接种意愿越强；限制对疫苗接种意愿没有显著影响作用。风险感知类型对疫苗接种意愿的逻辑回归结果显示，疫苗风险感知比疾病风险感知对疫苗接种意愿的影响更为显著。 子研究二，我们尝试探索了大流行期间及大流行结束后，公众疫苗接种意 愿的差异。基于大流行结束1年后的背景下，本研究在2023年12月至2024 年1月期间，在第一波子研究一调查的被试中进行了再次访问，追踪到样本 700余人进行第二波问卷调查，探究公众流行性疾病疫苗接种意愿的影响因素相较于大流行期间发生的变化。大流行结束后，分层逻辑回归的结果显示，在控制了人口统计学及5C变量后，困惑仍然呈现出显著的影响，信任仍然是对疫苗接种 意愿影响最大的维度，其次是自满和困惑。信任程度越高、自满和困惑程度越 低，疫苗接种意愿越强；限制、计算和集体责任对疫苗接种意愿没有显著影响 作用。风险感知类型对疫苗接种意愿的逻辑回归结果显示，疫苗风险感知比疾 病风险感知对疫苗接种意愿的影响更为显著。研究二中的两波数据中 6C 量表各变量平均分差异检验的结果显示，信任、集体责任和困惑差异不显著，自满、 限制、计算差异显著。配对样本 t检验结果显示，在大流行结束后，人们的自满、计算以及感知到的疫苗风险程度相较于大流行期间更高了。综上所述，通过研究二的两波调查结果发现，信任程度和困惑情绪这两个因素是在大流行期间及大流行结束后的环境变化中仍然存在影响的疫苗接种心理前因，我们应在未来的研究中加强公众对疫苗的信任程度、降低对疫苗困惑情绪，为减少疫苗犹豫、提高疫苗接种率提供有效的干预措施。 综合上述研究，本研究首先解决了国内疫苗犹豫领域缺乏有效测量工具的问题，其次，该量表在大流行期间及大流行结束后的应用，也为我们了解民众疫苗接种倾向的影响因素在不同公共卫生事件发展阶段有何区别，该研究成果为公共卫生相关领域政策的制定提供了心理学依据。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48265]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨姗. 疫苗接种心理前因量表的修订及在流行性疾病中的应用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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