受欺凌和青少年心理健康： 班级和学校受欺凌水平的跨层次调节作用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 张玉洁 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 青少年受欺凌 抑郁症状 生活满意度 健康环境悖论 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The Relationship Between Peer Victimization and Adolescent Mental Health: The Moderating Effect of Class- and Schoollevel Peer Victimization |
| 中文摘要 | Peer victimization is associated with adolescent mental health, yet previous research has primarily focused on factors related to individual victims, with less attention given to how the environment in which victimized adolescents are situated affects this relationship. Recent studies have found that the relationship between peer victimization and adolescent mental health varies depending on the environment, leading to discussions about the Healthy Context Paradox. This paradox suggests that individuals in a relatively healthy, low-victimization environment may face more adaptation problems. There are some unresolved issues in the current academic understanding of the Healthy Context Paradox: first, previous studies mainly focused on the negative aspects of mental health without considering the positive aspects. Second, most research on the Healthy Context Paradox only explored the classroom level, with insufficient attention given to the school level. Third, there is a lack of research in the Chinese cultural context, and the few existing studies at the classroom level have not reached a consensus. Therefore, this study, based on the Dual-factor Model of Mental Health, examines both the negative (depressive symptoms) and positive (life satisfaction) aspects of adolescent mental health. It conducts two studies to explore how the average level of peer victimization at the classroom and school levels moderates the relationship between individual peer victimization and mental health. Study 1 aims to explore how the average level of peer victimization at the classroom level moderates the relationship between individual peer victimization and mental health. It surveyed 882 adolescents from 32 classes in a high school in Shanghai, finding that the average level of peer victimization in the class significantly weakened the relationship between peer victimization and adolescent depressive symptoms and life satisfaction. In healthy classes (with low levels of peer victimization), the positive association between individual peer victimization and depressive symptoms was stronger, and the negative association with life satisfaction was stronger. Additionally, severely victimized adolescents in healthy classes had more depressive symptoms and lower life satisfaction compared to those in unhealthy classes (with high levels of peer victimization). Study 2 aims to explore how the average level of peer victimization at the school level moderates the relationship between individual peer victimization and mental health. It surveyed 28,537 adolescents from 152 schools across 27 provincial-level administrative regions in China. The results showed that the average level of peer victimization at the school level significantly weakened the relationship between individual peer victimization and adolescent depressive symptoms and life satisfaction. Compared to unhealthy school environments, in healthy school environments, the positive association between individual peer victimization and depressive symptoms was stronger, and the negative association with life satisfaction was stronger. However, unlike the classroom level, severely victimized adolescents in healthy schools had lower depressive symptoms and higher life satisfaction compared to those in unhealthy schools. In summary, this study found that individual peer victimization levels, as well as the average levels of peer victimization in the class and school, were positively correlated with depressive symptoms and negatively correlated with life satisfaction. In healthy classes and schools, the association between individual peer victimization and adolescent mental health was stronger. Severely victimized adolescents had worse mental health in classes with low average levels of victimization but better mental health in schools with low average levels of victimization. This study not only extends the discussion of the Healthy Context Paradox to the Chinese cultural context, further confirming its applicability in this context, but also expands the examination of the Healthy Context Paradox at both the classroom and school levels, enriching the results of the Healthy Context Paradox at different levels. This study provides references for formulating effective anti-bullying policies in schools and strategies to support victimized adolescents. |
| 英文摘要 | 健康环境悖论探讨环境如何影响受欺凌与青少年心理健康的联系，即在一个较为健康、受欺凌罕见的环境中，受欺凌的个体会有更多适应问题。目前关于健康环境悖论的研究仍有一些不足：第一，以往研究主要关注心理健康的消极方面，较少同时考虑心理健康的积极方面。第二，多数关于健康环境悖论的研究仅在班级层面探讨，学校层面未得到足够关注。第三，缺乏在中国背景下的研究，且仅有的中国样本研究尚未取得一致结论。因此，本研究依据心理健康双因素模型，同时考察青少年心理健康的消极方面（抑郁症状）和积极方面 （生活满意度），通过两个研究来探讨班级和学校层级受欺凌水平如何在个体受欺凌与心理健康之间起到调节作用。 研究一旨在探索班级层级受欺凌水平如何在个体受欺凌与心理健康之间起到调节作用。研究一调查了一所高中的 32 个班级共 809 名青少年。结果发现： 班级受欺凌水平显著削弱受欺凌和青少年抑郁症状、生活满意度之间的关系。 在健康的班级中（受欺凌水平低），青少年受欺凌与抑郁症状正向关联更强，与生活满意度负向关联更强。同时，严重受欺凌的青少年在健康的班级环境中，比起在不良班级环境中（受欺凌水平高），抑郁症状更多，生活满意度更低。 研究二旨在探索学校层级的受欺凌水平如何在个体受欺凌与心理健康之间起到调节作用。研究二调查 27 个省级行政区中 152 所中学，共 28, 537 名青少 年。结果发现：学校受欺凌水平显著削弱了个体受欺凌和青少年抑郁症状、生活满意度之间的关系。相比于不良学校环境，健康学校环境中，青少年受欺凌与抑郁症状正向关联更强，与生活满意度负向关联更强。但与班级层级不一样 的是，比起在不良的学校环境，在健康的学校中严重受欺凌的青少年，抑郁症 状更低，生活满意度更高。 综上所述，本研究发现，个体受欺凌水平，班级和学校的平均受欺凌水平都与抑郁症状正相关与生活满意度负相关。在健康的班级和学校中，个体受欺 凌与青少年心理健康之间的关联性更强。个体受欺凌水平高的青少年，在健康 的班级环境中心理健康状况更差，在健康的学校环境中心理健康状况更好。本研究不仅将健康环境悖论的讨论拓展到中国背景下，进一步确认了其在中国背景下的适用性，而且拓展了健康环境悖论在班级和学校两个不同层级的检验，丰富了健康环境悖论在不同层级的结果。本研究在实践层面为制定有效的校园欺凌干预政策和支持受欺凌青少年的策略提供了参考。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48312]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张玉洁. 受欺凌和青少年心理健康： 班级和学校受欺凌水平的跨层次调节作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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