严厉管教的代际传递：子女性别与父母教养压力的调节作用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李祖儿 |
| 答辩日期 | 2024-06 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 严厉管教 代际传递 性别差异 教养压力 主客体互倚模型 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Intergenerational Transmission of Parental Harsh Discipline: The Moderating Role of Child Gender and Parenting Stress |
| 中文摘要 | “Guan” & “Jiao” is the most commonly used parenting style among Chinese parents aiming for the good of their children’s development. However, harsh discipline is not the typical way of “Guan” & “Jiao”. Instead, it is an authoritarian negative parenting style involved with corporal punishment and psychological aggression or emotional abuse, which will result in more disadvantages than benefits for the development of children and adolescents. Facing with this conclusion, only knowing its “consequences” without knowing its “causes” is not enough for contemporary parents to better understand harsh discipline to avoid it. However, compared to the " consequences " of harsh discipline, the "causes" was being paid much less attention to in previous researches and studies. According to Belsky’s process model of parenting that personal characteristics of parents (e.g., developmental history, traits, etc. ） , children’s temperament or behavioral performance, as well as interaction factors within and outside of the family are important factors that will affect parenting style. Among which, the intergenerational transmission perspective focuses on the experiences of how the parents were raised during their childhood developmental history. Researches have shown that individuals who experienced more parental harsh discipline during their own childhood are more likely to enforce harsh disciplinary behaviors towards their own children when they became parents. Nevertheless, not only there was only few researches paid attentions to the issue of intergenerational transmission of parenting styles domestically but also these studies mostly were on the basis of individual level of fathers or mothers, neglecting the essence of co-parenting in common families. Therefore, based on the Family System Theory and Interdependent Theory, this study focused on the issue of intergenerational transmission of parental harsh discipline, and participants were both parents of children in elementary school. Dyadic data of 388 paired fathers and mothers were used to examine the relationship between the experience of being parental harsh disciplined in childhood and the engagement of harsh discipline towards their own children when they became parents, as well as the differences of parental gender, child gender, and the conditional effects of parenting stress from dysregulated parent-child interaction. This study first examined the relationship between the historical experiences of being parental harsh disciplined in childhood and the engagement of harsh disciplinary behaviors towards their own children when they became parents, as well as gender differences of both parents and children. Results of the actor-partner interdependent modeling analyses revealed that: 1）The actor associations were significant, i.e., mothers and fathers who had more experiences of being harsh disciplined in childhood engaged in more harsh disciplinary behaviors towards their own children. 2）Only fathers’ partner association was significant, i.e., mothers’ experiences of being harsh disciplined in childhood predicted fathers’ harsh disciplinary behaviors. 3）The combination effects were also significant, i.e., mothers’ and fathers’ actor associations were intensified by his or her partners’ experiences of being harsh disciplined in childhood. 4）Several associations above were moderated by child gender. Mothers’ actor association was stronger when the children were boys rather than girls, while mothers’ combination effect was significant only when the children were girls rather than boys. The study then further examined the effect of parenting stress from dysfunctional parent-child interaction to the intergenerational transmission of parental harsh discipline. The results revealed that: 1）Both mothers’ actor associations and partner association of intergenerational transmission of harsh parenting were intensified by her own parental stress from dysfunctional parent-child interaction. 2）Child gender moderated the effect of maternal stress from on paternal partner association of intergenerational transmission of harsh parenting. In accordance with Family System Theory and Interdependence Theory with respect of co-parenting, this research expands the understanding of intergenerational transmission of parental harsh discipline rooted in Process Model of Parenting. The finding emphasizes the non-independence within parents of the intergenerational transmission of harsh discipline, and also the differences of parental gender, child gender as well as the conditional effects of parental stress from dysfunctional parentchild interaction along with it, all of which enrich our understanding to the causes of the continuities of parental harsh discipline. |
| 英文摘要 | “管”和“教”是大多数中国父母惯常使用以期引导子女健康成长的教养方式。然而，严厉管教并非一般意义上的“管”和“教”，而是以“打骂”为主的消极或专制型教养方式，对儿童青少年的发展弊大于利。然而，只知其 “果”而不知其“因”不足以引导当代父母正确认识严厉管教。相对于关于严厉管教的“果”，“因”得到的研究关注要少得多。根据教养过程模型，父母的个人因素（包括发展历史、特质等）、儿童因素和家庭内外互动因素是影响父母教养的重要原因。其中，代际传递观点指出那些儿时更多地遭受父母严厉管教的个体长大为人父母后更有可能对自己的子女施以严厉管教。然而，国内研究较少关注教养方式的代际传递议题，已有的研究多数在父亲或母亲的个人层面展开而忽略父母合作育儿的本质。为此，本研究参考家庭系统理论和互倚理论，在父亲和母亲的关系层面检验严厉管教的代际传递议题。 研究以388对小学生父母为研究对象，通过2个问题以父母成对数据为分 析对象来检验父母儿时受严厉管教经历与当前对子女的严厉管教行为之间的关 系及子女性别和来自亲子互动失调教养压力的调节作用。研究问题 1 首先运用 主客体互倚模型检验父母儿时受严厉管教经历和当前严厉管教行为的关系及父 母和子女性别差异。结果发现：1）父母代际传递的主体关系均显著，即父亲和 母亲的儿时受严厉管教经历均正向预测自己对子女的严厉管教；2）仅父亲代际 传递的客体关系显著，即母亲儿时受严厉管教经历正向预测父亲对子女的严厉 管教；3）父母的组合效应显著，即父亲和母亲的儿时受严厉管教经历均强化对 方代际传递的主体关系；4）上述部分关系受子女的性别调节，母亲的主体效应 在子女是男孩时强于子女是女孩时，仅当子女是女孩时母亲的组合效应显著 （即父亲儿时受严厉管教经历增强母亲对女孩的主体代际传递关系）。研究问题 2 进一步成对检验来自亲子互动失调维度的教养压力的调节作用。结果发现：1） 母亲的教养压力增强自己的严厉管教代际传递的主体关系，也增强自己严厉管 教的客体代际传递关系；2）子女性别调节着母亲教养压力对父亲严厉管教代际 传递的客体关系。 本研究融合了家庭系统理论和互倚理论，在教养过程模型基础上拓展了对一般严厉管教的代际传递的认识。强调严厉管教的代际传递在父母间的非独立模式，发现了在对下一代的养育过程父亲和母亲的角色差异，子女的性别差异以及教养压力的条件作用，研究结果丰富了对严厉管教的“因”的认识。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/48316]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李祖儿. 严厉管教的代际传递：子女性别与父母教养压力的调节作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2024. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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