Objective To explore the relationship between father-child rough-and-tumble play(RTP) and preschool children's social competence,and investigate the moderating role of children's gender.Methods A total of 1 602 parents of 801 preschool children aged 3-6 years were recruited and completed parental play and care questionnaire(PPCQ),social competence and behavior evaluation(SCBE-30),and self-compiled demographic questionnaire.Results Correlational analyses showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between father-child RTP and children's social competence(r=0.15,P<0.01).Children's gender played a significantly moderating role in the relationship between father-child RTP and children's social competence.For girls,father-child RTP had a significantly predictive effect on their social competence(β=0.26,P<0.001).For boys,father-child RTP had no significantly predictive effect on their social competence(β=0.06,P=0.16).Conclusion Gender plays a moderating role in the effect of father-child RTP on preschool children's social competence.

目的 探讨父子打闹游戏质量与学龄前期儿童社会能力的关系，以及儿童性别的调节效应。方法 采用父母游戏与照顾问卷（parental play and care questionnaire, PPCQ）、幼儿社会能力与行为评定量表（social competence and behavior evaluation, SCBE-30）、自编人口学问卷对3～6岁学龄前期儿童的801对父母，共1 602人进行调查。结果 相关分析表明，父子打闹游戏质量与儿童社会能力呈显著正相关（r=0.15,P<0.01）。儿童性别在父子打闹游戏质量与儿童社会能力之间的调节作用显著。父子打闹游戏质量对女孩社会能力的预测作用显著（β=0.26,P<0.001）；父子打闹游戏质量并不能显著预测男孩的社会能力（β=0.06,P=0.16）。结论 儿童性别调节了父子打闹游戏质量对学龄前期儿童社会能力的影响。

国家社会科学基金（18BSH117）