Objective: To develop a measure to assess appearance anxiety among middle school students and to examine its psychometric properties. Methods: Forty-six items were generated by focus group discussion among 98 college students and in-depth interviews with 5 postgraduate students and 5 middle school students. The content validity of the initial scale was evaluated by 5 experts. Data of 422 middle school students (219 girls, Sample 1) were used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for the initial scale. Another sample of 1,205 middle school students (664 girls, Sample 2) were administered with the Adolescent Appearance Anxiety Questionnaire, Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), Self-Liking/ Self-Competence Scale-Revised, Negative Affect Scale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Six hundred and sixty-three adolescents from Sample 2 were re-administered with the Adolescent Appearance Anxiety Questionnaire after 6 months to evaluate its test-retest reliability (Sample 3). Results: Twenty-five items were deleted based on the analyses of Sample 1 data. The remaining 21 items contained three factors: appearance belief (11 items), appearance modification (5 items) and appearance concern (5 items). The 3-factor structure of the Adolescent Appearance Anxiety Questionnaire was confirmed by data of Sample 2. The analyses of Sample 2 showed that the Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.929 for all items. The total scale score was significantly correlated with scores on BICI (r=0.89), and with levels of negative emotion (r=0.49), self-esteem(r=-0.53) and life satisfaction (r=-0.34；Ps＜0.01) . The test-retest reliability coefficient after 6 months was 0.684. Conclusion: Adolescent Appearance Anxiety Questionnaire had good reliability and validity, and could be used to assess the appearance anxiety of middle school students in China.

目的：编制适合我国青少年的外貌焦虑问卷并对其信效度进行检验。方法：采用焦点小组讨论法和访谈法产生初始问卷共46个条目，并由5名专家评估其内容效度。对422名中学生（女生占51.7%，样本1）施测青少年外貌焦虑初始问卷并进行项目分析和探索性因素分析。对1205名中学生（女生占55.1%，样本2）施测正式版青少年外貌焦虑问卷、体像忧虑量表、二维自尊量表、负性情绪量表和生活满意度量表，进行验证性因素分析，并检验其信效度。间隔6个月后对来自样本2的663名青少年（样本3）进行青少年外貌焦虑问卷重测。结果：根据样本1分析结果删除了25个条目，最终形成了21题项的青少年外貌焦虑问卷。该问卷包含三个因子：外貌信念（11条目）、外貌修饰（5条目）和外貌关注（5条目）。对样本2的验证性因素分析支持量表的三因子结构，且发现总问卷的Cronbach’s α系数为0.929。问卷总分与体像忧虑量表总分的相关达0.890，支持问卷的效标效度；问卷总分与负性情绪（r=0.49）、自尊（r=-0.53）及生活满意度(r=-0.34)均有显著相关（P<0.01），支持其聚合效度。对样本3进行分析，发现间隔6个月后青少年外貌焦虑问卷的重测信度为0.684。结论：本研究编制的青少年外貌焦虑问卷具有良好的信效度，可用于测量我国青少年的外貌焦虑水平。