Objective:To explore the influence of mother's mindful parenting on pupils'mental resilience,and the chain mediating effect of mother-child relationship and positive emotion between them.Methods:A total of 331 primary school students and their mothers were surveyed by mindfulness parenting scale,mother-child relationship scale,mental resilience scale,positive and negative emotion scale.Results:①Correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations between mindful parenting and mental resilience,mother-child relationship and positive emotion(r=0.42,0.28,0.37;P<0.001).The relationship between mother and child,positive emotion and mental resilience were significantly positively correlated(r=0.59,0.49;P<0.001).②The mediating analysis showed that mothers'mindful parenting not only directly affected the mental resilience of primary school students(95%CI:0.01~0.18),but also had three indirect paths:the mediating effect of mother-child relationship(95%CI:0.12~0.25);the mediating effect of positive emotion(95%CI:0.02~0.10);The chain mediating effect of mother-child relationship and positive emotion(95%CI:0.02~0.06).Conclusion:Mother's mindful parenting not only directly influences the mental resilience of primary school students,but also indirectly influences the mental resilience of primary schoolstudents through the independent and chain mediating of mother-child relationship and positive emotion.

目的:探讨母亲正念养育对小学生心理弹性的影响，为提高儿童的心理弹性水平提供参考。方法:采用正念养育量表、母子关系量表、心理弹性量表、积极和消极情感量表对331名小学生和他们的母亲进行问卷调查。结果:(1)相关分析表明，母亲正念养育与心理弹性、母子关系、积极情感显著正相关(r=0.42,0.28,0.37;P<0.001);母子关系、积极情感与心理弹性呈显著正相关(r=0.59,0.49;P<0.001)。(2)中介分析显示，母亲正念养育不仅直接影响小学生心理弹性(95%CI:0.01～0.18),而且还存在3条间接路径：母子关系的中介作用(95%CI:0.12～0.25);积极情感的中介作用(95%CI:0.02～0.10);母子关系、积极情感的链式中介作用(95%CI:0.02～0.06)。结论:母亲正念养育不仅直接影响小学生心理弹性水平，也可以通过母子关系和积极情感的独立中介及二者的链式中介间接作用于小学生心理弹性。

中国科学院心理研究所青年人才科研项目(编号：Y9CX441005);; 上海市科技计划项目资助(编号：20dz2260300)