Objective To explore the mediating role of rumination between childhood trauma experience and cognitive impairment in schizophrenics.Methods A sample of 132 schizophrenic patients from January 2020 to October 2022 were selected.Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ),Ruminative Response Scale(RRS),Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale(PANSS),and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS)were used to evaluate childhood trauma,rumination,positive and negative symptoms,and cognitive function of pa-tients respectively.Results The ruminant symptoms,forced thinking and introspection in the childhood trauma group were higher than those in the non-childhood trauma group(all P<0.001).PANSS scores in the group with childhood trauma experience were higher than those in the group without childhood trauma experience(all P<0.01).The total scores of RBANS,immediate memory,spatial structure,language,attention and delayed memory in the group with childhood trauma were higher than those in the group without childhood trauma(all P<0.01).Linear regression analy-sis indicated that ruminant thinking plays a mediating role between childhood traumatic experience and cognitive func-tion(P<0.001).Conclusion The cognitive function of schizophrenics with childhood trauma experience is lower than that of those without childhood trauma experience,and rumination plays a mediating role between childhood trauma experience and cognitive function.

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者童年创伤经历与认知功能损害及反刍思维的中介作用。方法 选取2020年1月～2022年10月，精神专科医院收治的132例精神分裂症患者。采用童年创伤问卷（Childhood Trauma Questionnaire,CTQ），反刍反应量表（Ruminative Response Scale,RRS），阳性与阴性症状量表（Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale,PANSS），可重复的成套神经心理状态测量（Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuro psychological Status,RBANS）量表评估患者的童年创伤，反刍思维，阳性阴性症状和认知功能。结果 有童年创伤经历组精神分裂症患者的反刍症状，强迫思考，反省深思高于无童年创伤经历组（均P<0.001）；有童年创伤经历组PANSS总分和因子分高于无童年创伤经历组（均P<0.01）。有童年创伤经历组的RBANS总分及因子分即刻记忆，空间结构，语言，注意力，延迟记忆得分高于无童年创伤经历组（均P<0.01）。线性回归分析显示反刍思维在童年创伤经历与认知功能之间起中介作用（P<0.001）。结论 有童年创伤经历的精神分裂症患者的认知功能低于无童年创伤经历组，反刍思维在童年创伤经历与认知功能之间起中介作用。