Abstract: Interoception is an important part of how individuals perceive and experience the internal state of the body. By sensing and interpreting signals within the body through interoception, individuals regulate and control motor behavior. This study conducted a systematic reviewof the mechanisms of interoception and its specific manifestations during exercise. The results indicate that interoception is primarily generated through the lateral spinal-thalamuscortical pathway transmission of lamina I and the processing in the anterior and posterior insula. Its effects on individual sports performance mainly includes four pathways: exercise perception, decision-making, prediction, and self-regulation. The current neural mechanisms of interoception affects sports performance still require in-depth exploration, and there are obvious deficiencies in empirical research, and the measurement of interoception remains a contentious issue. It is recommended that neuroimaging technology can be combined in the future to deeply explore the neural mechanisms of interoception affects motor performance, while also integrating other motor control mechanisms to comprehensively understand the role of interoception in the control of motor behavior, and to further investigate the distinct effects of interoception on the per‐ formance in aerobic/anaerobic, team/individual sports performance, and clarify the relationship between various dimensions of interoception and sports performance.

内感受是个体感知和体验身体内部状态的重要组成部分，个体通过内感受感知和解读身体内部的信号，调节和控制运动行为。本研究对内感受的发生机制及其在运动过程中的具体表现进行了系统性综述。结果显示，内感受的产生主要涉及椎板I的外侧脊髓—丘脑—皮质通路传递以及前、后岛叶的加工，其对个体运动表现的影响主要包括4个路径，即运动感知、运动决策、运动预测和运动自我调节。当前内感受影响运动表现的神经机制仍需深入探讨，且实证研究尚存不足，内感受的测量方法也存在争议。未来可结合神经影像技术，更深入地探讨内感受影响运动表现的神经机制，同时整合其他运动控制机制，更全面地理解内感受在运动行为控制中的作用，进一步探索内感受对有氧/无氧、团队/个人运动表现产生的不同影响，阐明内感受各维度与运动表现的关联。

科技创新2030-“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目（2021ZD0200500）;; 国家自然科学基金项目（31671163）