Interfacial solar evaporation (ISE) holds considerable promise to solve fresh water shortage, but it is challenging to achieve high evaporation rate (R_eva) and fresh water yield in close system. Here, we report design and preparation of MOF-based solar evaporators with hierarchical microporous/nanobridged/nanogranular structures for rapid ISE and fresh water collection in close system. The evaporators are fabricated by growing silicone nanofilaments with variable length as nanobridges on a microporous silicone sponge followed by grafting with polydopamine nanoparticles and Cu-MOF nanocrystals. Integration of the unique structure and excellent photothermal composites endows the evaporators with high Reva of 3.5–20 wt % brines (3.60–2.90 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ in open system and 2.38–1.44 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ in close system) under simulated 1 sun, high Reva under natural sunlight, excellent salt resistance and high fresh water yield, which surpass most state-of-the-art evaporators. Moreover, when combined with a superhydrophilic cover, the evaporators show much higher average R_eva of real seawater, remarkable fresh water yield and excellent long-term stability over one month continuous ISE under natural sunlight. The findings here will promote the development of advanced evaporators via microstructure engineering and their real-world ISE applications.