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Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China

文献类型：期刊论文

作者Zheng, Yan9,10; Yang, Qing8,9; Zeng, Quan1,7; Li, Haiyan7; Zhang, Yu8; Shi, Lin8; Ji, Xueping6; Deng, Chenglong5; Li, Xiaoqiang10; Petraglia, Michael2,3,9
刊名JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
出版日期2024-11-01
卷号171页码:11
关键词Fire Magnetic minerals Magnetic enhancement Hoabinhian Southern China
ISSN号0305-4403
DOI10.1016/j.jas.2024.106086
通讯作者Zheng, Yan(zhengyan@ivpp.ac.cn) ; Yang, Qing(yangqing@ynu.edu.cn)
英文摘要The Xiaodong Rockshelter, located on the southwest edge of Yunnan Province, is known as Southeast Asia's oldest (>43.5 ka) and northernmost Hoabinhian technocomplex site. The rockshelter preserves a rich record of animals, plants, and lithic artifacts excavated from sediments with a thickness of 4.6 m. New dating reported here indicates that the stratigraphic sequence spans from 65 ka to 15 ka. Several layers in the sedimentary sequence show evidence of fire, representative of the earliest evidence of fire by Hoabinhian population in a tropical-subtropical area. Here, we use magnetic methods coupled with mineral analysis to differentiate natural material from anthropogenically fired sediment. Archaeological fire events are characterized by higher magnetic concentrations and coarser magnetic grains compared to natural sediments. Significant magnetic enhancements were caused by the transformation of paramagnetic iron-bearing silicates into ferrimagnetic, spherical-shaped magnetite with increasing temperatures. Notably, a pronounced magnetic enhancement was observed between 1.8 and 2.5 m, spanning between 42 and 34 ka, indicating intense and concentrated heating, with estimated firing temperatures reaching ca. 400 degrees C. Additionally, three thin layers exhibiting magnetic enhancement were detected at depths of 3.65 m, 4.45 m, and 4.55 m, dating to ca. 55.6 ka, 62.3 ka and 64.8 ka respectively. This suggests three short-term fired ash deposits with minimal vertical magnetic enhancement, indicative of fire temperatures at ca. 350 degrees C. The magnetic method proves effective in detecting anthropogenic fire in archaeological sediments and potentially estimating ancient fire temperatures.
WOS关键词FIRING TEMPERATURES ; ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES ; TOOL
资助项目National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[41974079] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[41991323] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[42488201] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[42361144879] ; Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects[202301BF070001-005] ; National Key R and D project[2022YFF0801502] ; Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund[QCAS036] ; Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund[045GJHZ2023001MI]
WOS研究方向Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Geology
语种英语
WOS记录号WOS:001327445000001
出版者ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
资助机构National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) ; Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects ; National Key R and D project ; Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund
源URL[http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/24121]  
专题中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者Zheng, Yan; Yang, Qing
作者单位1.China Nonferrous Met Ind Co Ltd, Kunming Prospecting Design Inst, Kunming 650051, Peoples R China
2.Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA
3.Univ Queensland, Brisbane 4068, Australia
4.Univ Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Brisbane 4067, Australia
5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, State Key Lab Lithospher Evolut, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China
6.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, Kunming Nat Hist Museum Zool, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China
7.China Univ Geosci Beijing, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China
8.Yunnan Univ, Yunnan Key Lab Earth Syst Sci, Kunming 650500, Peoples R China
9.Griffith Univ, Australian Res Ctr Human Evolut, Brisbane 4111, Australia
10.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 Zheng, Yan,Yang, Qing,Zeng, Quan,et al. Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China[J]. JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE,2024,171:11.
APA Zheng, Yan.,Yang, Qing.,Zeng, Quan.,Li, Haiyan.,Zhang, Yu.,...&Zheng, Hongbo.(2024).Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China.JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE,171,11.
MLA Zheng, Yan,et al."Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China".JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE 171(2024):11.

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来源：古脊椎动物与古人类研究所

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