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Remote Sensing Effects and Invariants in Land Surface Studies

文献类型：期刊论文

作者Fang, Hongliang1,2,3
刊名REMOTE SENSING
出版日期2026-01-13
卷号18期号:2页码:248
关键词remote sensing effects remote sensing invariants theoretical remote sensing remote sensing science
DOI10.3390/rs18020248
产权排序1
文献子类Review
英文摘要Highlights What are the main findings? Provide an overview of current developments, challenges, and future directions for remote sensing effects and invariants studies. Synthesize disparate remote sensing effects and invariants under a unified framework. What are the implications of the main findings? Provide an understanding of the characterization, principles, and potential applications of selected remote sensing effects and invariants. Initiate theoretical exploration of the fundamental principles in remote sensing science.Highlights What are the main findings? Provide an overview of current developments, challenges, and future directions for remote sensing effects and invariants studies. Synthesize disparate remote sensing effects and invariants under a unified framework. What are the implications of the main findings? Provide an understanding of the characterization, principles, and potential applications of selected remote sensing effects and invariants. Initiate theoretical exploration of the fundamental principles in remote sensing science.Abstract Remote sensing is a technique to acquire information from a distance. Remote sensing effects refer to any factors that need to be considered in remote sensing processes, while remote sensing invariants represent features that remain stable throughout these processes. Both remote sensing effects and invariants are fundamental to the study of remote sensing systems, methods, algorithms, products, and applications. Many studies have explored different effects and invariants independently, yet these studies are scattered across the literature and a comprehensive synthesis is lacking within the community. This paper intends to synthesize various remote sensing effects and invariants under a unified framework. The characterization, underlying principles, and potential applications of a selected group of remote sensing effects were first examined. Subsequently, a suite of nine key effects, atmospheric effects, background effects, clumping effects, directional effects, heterogeneity effects, saturation effects, scaling effects, temporal effects, and topographic effects, were addressed. Furthermore, a list of remote sensing invariants, including spectral, spatial, temporal, directional, and thematical invariants, were analyzed. Potential directions for future studies were further discussed. This synthesis represents a concerted effort to advance the theoretical understanding of fundamental principles in remote sensing science.
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WOS关键词LEAF-AREA INDEX ; DIGITAL HEMISPHERICAL PHOTOGRAPHY ; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE MODEL ; PHOTON RECOLLISION PROBABILITY ; TOPOGRAPHIC CORRECTION METHODS ; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODEL ; VEGETATION INDEX ; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION ; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION ; TIME-SERIES
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Geology ; Remote Sensing ; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
语种英语
WOS记录号WOS:001671586400001
出版者MDPI
源URL[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/221046]  
专题资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室_外文论文
作者单位1.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Resources & Environm, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China;
2.Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China;
3.Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog, Informat Resource Dev & Applicat, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 Fang, Hongliang. Remote Sensing Effects and Invariants in Land Surface Studies[J]. REMOTE SENSING,2026,18(2):248.
APA Fang, Hongliang.(2026).Remote Sensing Effects and Invariants in Land Surface Studies.REMOTE SENSING,18(2),248.
MLA Fang, Hongliang."Remote Sensing Effects and Invariants in Land Surface Studies".REMOTE SENSING 18.2(2026):248.

入库方式： OAI收割

来源：地理科学与资源研究所

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