Ocean stratification in a warming climate
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Cheng, Lijing4; Li, Guancheng3; Long, Shang-Min2,13; Li, Yuanlong11,12; von Schuckmann, Karina10; Trenberth, Kevin E.8,9; Mann, Michael E.7; Abraham, John6; Du, Yan5; Cheng, Xuhua2,13 |
| 刊名 | NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
 |
| 出版日期 | 2025-10-01 |
| 卷号 | 6期号:10页码:637-655 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s43017-025-00715-5 |
| 通讯作者 | Cheng, Lijing(chenglij@mail.iap.ac.cn) |
| 英文摘要 | The ocean is highly stratified. Warm, fresh water sits on top of cold, salty water, influencing vertical oceanic exchange of heat, carbon, oxygen and nutrients. In this Review, we examine observed and projected stratification shifts and their impacts. Changes in ocean temperature and salinity have altered the ocean density field, leading to a 0.8 +/- 0.1% dec-1 (90% confidence interval) increase in stratification in the global upper 2,000 m since the 1960s. These increases are most pronounced in the tropics and are primarily temperature driven. Model simulations project ongoing stratification increases in the future, with global 0-2,000 m stratification increasing 0.7 [0.3,1.1; 13-87% confidence interval], 1.4 [0.9,1.8] and 2.9 [2.1,3.8]% dec-1 by 2090-2100 relative to 2010-2020 under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, respectively; regional patterns of projected stratification changes generally follow observed trends. These observed and projected ocean stratification changes have important climate and ecological consequences, including alterations in ocean heat uptake, ocean currents, vertical mixing, tropical cyclone intensity, marine ecosystems and elevation of marine extremes. Further research should better quantify stratification change at critical layers and understand their drivers and impacts. |
| WOS关键词 | PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION ; MIXED-LAYER DEPTH ; LA-NINA EVENTS ; NORTH PACIFIC ; HEAT-CONTENT ; SOUTHERN-OCEAN ; BARRIER LAYER ; SALINITY STRATIFICATION ; MARINE HEATWAVES ; ENSO STABILITY |
| 资助项目 | National Natural Science Foundation of China[42206208] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[42261134536] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[42076208] ; International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[060GJHZ2024064MI] ; Asian Cooperation Fund, the new Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE, Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure project 'Earth System Science Numerical ; Young Talent Support Project of Guangzhou Association for Science and Technology, and Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions (ONCE) ; Earth System Grid Federation ; US National Science Foundation |
| WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Geology |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:001583059700001 |
| 出版者 | SPRINGERNATURE |
| 源URL | [http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/203452]  |
| 专题 | 海洋研究所_海洋环流与波动重点实验室 |
| 通讯作者 | Cheng, Lijing |
| 作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Comp Network Informat Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China 2.Hohai Univ, Minist Nat Resources, Key Lab Marine Hazards Forecasting, Nanjing, Peoples R China 3.Minist Ecol & Environm, Ecoenvironm Monitoring & Res Ctr, Pearl River Valley & South China Sea Ecol & Enviro, Guangzhou, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Earth Syst Numer Modeling & Applicat, Beijing, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, Guangdong Key Lab Ocean Remote Sensing, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, Guangzhou, Peoples R China 6.Univ St Thomas, Sch Engn, St Paul, MN USA 7.Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA USA 8.Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland, New Zealand 9.Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA 10.Mercator Ocean Int, Toulouse, France |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Cheng, Lijing,Li, Guancheng,Long, Shang-Min,et al. Ocean stratification in a warming climate[J]. NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT,2025,6(10):637-655. |
| APA | Cheng, Lijing.,Li, Guancheng.,Long, Shang-Min.,Li, Yuanlong.,von Schuckmann, Karina.,...&Yuan, Huifeng.(2025).Ocean stratification in a warming climate.NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT,6(10),637-655. |
| MLA | Cheng, Lijing,et al."Ocean stratification in a warming climate".NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT 6.10(2025):637-655. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：海洋研究所
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