Modeling the Performance-Security Trade-Off of Gasper's Block Proposal Mechanism Under Latency-Driven Attacks
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Qi, Shuhan2; Zhao, Qinglin2; Liu, Zijie2; Zhou, MengChu3; Shen, Meng4; Zhang, Peiyun5,6; Sun, Yi1 |
| 刊名 | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY
 |
| 出版日期 | 2026 |
| 卷号 | 21页码:1213-1227 |
| 关键词 | Throughput Proposals Blockchains Adaptation models Security Protocols Safety Electronic mail Consensus protocol System performance Block proposing mechanism ETH2 Web3 gasper |
| ISSN号 | 1556-6013 |
| DOI | 10.1109/TIFS.2026.3651978 |
| 英文摘要 | Ethereum 2.0 (ETH2) marks a pivotal shift in blockchain technology, transitioning from a Proof-of-Work (PoW) to a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism, with Gasper at its core. While this evolution promises enhanced scalability and energy efficiency, the performance of its block proposal stage is highly sensitive to network latency and system parameters, such as slot length. This sensitivity introduces a critical trade-off between throughput and security, measured by the probability of blockchain forking. This paper reveals that network latency is not just a passive risk but an exploitable attack surface. We introduce the "adaptive latency-driven equivocation attack", a novel adversarial strategy where an attacker deliberately creates forks while mimicking the behavior of a high-latency node, thus achieving plausible deniability. To formally analyze and quantify the impact of this threat, we develop a comprehensive theoretical model by using Markov chains to analyze the fork probability and throughput of the Gasper's block proposal mechanism under both honest and adversarial conditions. Through extensive simulations, we validate the accuracy of our model in both normal and bursty traffic conditions. Our findings provide a systematic methodology for optimizing system parameters to achieve a robust balance between performance and security, offering a foundational guide for configuring ETH2 networks against sophisticated, latency-based threats. |
| 资助项目 | Science and Technology Development Fund, Macau, SAR[008/2025/RIB1] ; Science and Technology Development Fund, Macau, SAR[0077/2025/RIA2] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2023YFB2703800] |
| WOS研究方向 | Computer Science ; Engineering |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:001673815900011 |
| 出版者 | IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC |
| 源URL | [http://119.78.100.204/handle/2XEOYT63/42859]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 |
| 通讯作者 | Zhao, Qinglin; Zhou, MengChu; Zhang, Peiyun |
| 作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Comp Technol, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China 2.Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Innovat Engn, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Taipa, Macao, Peoples R China 3.Zhejiang Gongshang Univ, Sch Informat & Elect Engn, Hangzhou 310018, Peoples R China 4.Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Cyberspace Sci & Technol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China 5.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Engn Res Ctr Digital Forens, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China 6.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Comp Sci, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Qi, Shuhan,Zhao, Qinglin,Liu, Zijie,et al. Modeling the Performance-Security Trade-Off of Gasper's Block Proposal Mechanism Under Latency-Driven Attacks[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY,2026,21:1213-1227. |
| APA | Qi, Shuhan.,Zhao, Qinglin.,Liu, Zijie.,Zhou, MengChu.,Shen, Meng.,...&Sun, Yi.(2026).Modeling the Performance-Security Trade-Off of Gasper's Block Proposal Mechanism Under Latency-Driven Attacks.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY,21,1213-1227. |
| MLA | Qi, Shuhan,et al."Modeling the Performance-Security Trade-Off of Gasper's Block Proposal Mechanism Under Latency-Driven Attacks".IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY 21(2026):1213-1227. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：计算技术研究所
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