离子型凝胶在电场中的溶胀、皱缩机理及动力学研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 姬宏深 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 1992-06-30 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 范正 |
| 学位专业 | 化学工艺 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文研究了一种具有较好的溶胀性能和一定的机械性能，对于电场非常敏感的离子型凝胶。处于溶胀状态的凝胶。施加电场后迅速皱，撤掉电场后则又恢复溶胀。本文从官能团离解度及渗透压理论出发，可信服地解释了胶溶胀及皱缩过程，并为凝胶再生处理的必要性提出理论依据。理论分析得到实验证实。研究发现，凝胶初次溶胀与经皱缩后再溶胀的性能不同，而且经过几次皱缩后，凝胶溶胀能力大大下降，必须进行再生处理后，才能够恢复原溶胀性能。凝胶溶胀能力的可恢复性使凝胶实用价值进一步提高。本文还考察了高压电场、低压电场、电流等因素对凝胶皱缩过程的影响，并探讨了凝胶的皱缩机理。实验结果表明，凝胶皱缩过程的决定因素是电流，皱缩速率随电流增加而增加；皱缩率随增加而增加。电场力的作用可忽略。从离交换及渗透压角度，对离型凝胶的溶胀及皱缩机理进行了探讨。提出了凝胶溶胀及皱缩动力学方程：溶胀动力学方程：(1 + φ)~(k + 1) = (1 + φ_m)~(k + 1)-[(1 + φ_m)~(k + 1) - 1]e~(-(k + 1 )bot) 皱缩动力学方程：dβ/dt = -a_1((1 - bt)~k/(1-β)~(k + 1)) + a_2 t = 0, β= 0, 并设计制出了一种用于电敏性凝胶萃取的萃取设备；并利用所合成的电敏性凝胶对牛血清白蛋溶液进行了有效的浓缩。在溶液浓度低时，萃取效率较高，效果良好。随溶液浓度增加，萃取效率下降。实验表明：所合成的电敏性凝胶及设计的凝胶萃取设备均适合于大分子溶液的浓缩。 |
| 英文摘要 | An ionic gel with good swelling property, certain mechanical strength and high sensitivity to electric field was studied in this work. The swelled gel shrinks rapidly as an electric field is applied across it; the shrunk gel swells again when the electric field is removed. According to the analysis of the dissociation of the functional groups and osmotic pressure, the swelling and shrinking processes of the gel can be explained convincingly. The analysis also provides a theoretical basis for the gel renew. The theory was confirmed by the experimental results. The experimental results showed that the gel swelling process at the first time was different from the shrunk gel's swelling process. After the gel shrank several times, the swelling ability of the gel decreased greatly. The swelling ability of the gel was not resumed unless the gel was renewed. Three main factors influencing the shrinking of the gel: the electric field of high voltage, low voltage, electric current were studied for the investigation of the gel's shrinking mechanism. The experiment results showed that the electric current was the main factor. The shrinking rate increased as the electric current increased; the shrinking degree increased as the quantity of electricity increased. The mechanism of swelling and shrinking of the ionic gel in the electric field was explained from the viewpoint of cation exchange and osmotic pressure, and the gel's swelling and shrinking kinetics models were obtained. Swelling kinetics equation: (1 + φ)~(k + 1) = (1 + φ_m)~(k + 1)-[(1 + φ_m)~(k + 1) - 1]e~(-(k + 1 )bot. Shrinking kinetic equation: dβ/dt = -a_1((1 - bt)~k/(1-β)~(k + 1)) + a_2 t = 0, β= 0 An extraction equipment for the gel sensitive to the electric field was designed. The bovine serum albumin(BSA) aqueous solution was effectively concentrated by using this equipment. The satisfactory extraction efficiencies were obtained when the solutions were dilute. The efficiencies decreased with the increasing of the solution concentration. The experiment results showed that the synthesized electric sensitive gel and the gel extraction equipment were satisfactory for the concentration of the macromolecule aqueous solutions. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-10-31 |
| 页码 | 79 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/4665]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 姬宏深. 离子型凝胶在电场中的溶胀、皱缩机理及动力学研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 1992. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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