THE ROLE OF THE CALCANEAL 'HEEL' AS A PROPULSIVE LEVER IN BASAL ARCHOSAURS AND EXTANT MONITOR LIZARDS
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Sullivan, Corwin; csullivan@ivpp.ac.cn |
| 刊名 | JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
 |
| 出版日期 | 2010 |
| 卷号 | 30期号:5页码:1422-1432 |
| 关键词 | Alligator Alligator-mississippiensis Avian Flight Step Cycle Hind-limb Evolution Reptiles Tarsus Locomotion Phylogeny Mechanics |
| ISSN号 | 0272-4634 |
| 文献子类 | Article |
| 英文摘要 | The structurally complex ankles of Triassic archosaurs (Reptilia: Diapsida) have been repeatedly described, and tarsal characters have played an important role in analyses of archosaur phylogeny. Morphological variations in the ankle joint undoubtedly had a major impact on locomotion, but the functional implications of many ankle features remain poorly understood. This paper investigates the function of one such structure, the prominent and highly distinctive lateral to posterolateral calcaneal process that occurs throughout basal archosaurs and is homologous to the heel-like calcaneal tuber of pseudosuchians. A morphologically analogous lateral process occurs in extant varanid lizards, and X-ray rotoscopic analysis of the limb movements of savannah monitors (Varanus exanthematicus) indicates that the lateral process rotates into a vertical orientation as the limb retracts. As the varanid lateral process approaches the vertical, it becomes increasingly effective in adding to the propulsive moment arm of m. peroneus longus. A computer model of the ankle was compared to modified versions in which the lateral process and the associated proximal expansion of the fifth metatarsal were eliminated, and this virtual experiment demonstrated that the combination of the two structures increases the peak propulsive moment arm of the varanid m. peroneus longus by over 26%. The lateral calcaneal process of basal archosaurs probably acted similarly, enhancing the ability of the peroneus musculature to contribute to propulsion during walking. Like the calcaneal tuber of pseudosuchian archosaurs, the primitive lateral process was a lever that contributed to locomotion by allowing ankle plantarflexion to generate a greater propulsive moment. |
| URL标识 | 查看原文 |
| WOS关键词 | ALLIGATOR ALLIGATOR-MISSISSIPPIENSIS ; AVIAN FLIGHT ; STEP CYCLE ; HIND-LIMB ; EVOLUTION ; REPTILES ; TARSUS ; LOCOMOTION ; PHYLOGENY ; MECHANICS |
| WOS研究方向 | Paleontology |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000281874900009 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-11-27 |
| 源URL | [http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/4654]  |
| 专题 | 古脊椎动物与古人类研究所_图书馆1 |
| 通讯作者 | csullivan@ivpp.ac.cn |
| 作者单位 | Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Evolutionary Systemat Vertebrates, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Sullivan, Corwin,csullivan@ivpp.ac.cn. THE ROLE OF THE CALCANEAL 'HEEL' AS A PROPULSIVE LEVER IN BASAL ARCHOSAURS AND EXTANT MONITOR LIZARDS[J]. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY,2010,30(5):1422-1432. |
| APA | Sullivan, Corwin,&csullivan@ivpp.ac.cn.(2010).THE ROLE OF THE CALCANEAL 'HEEL' AS A PROPULSIVE LEVER IN BASAL ARCHOSAURS AND EXTANT MONITOR LIZARDS.JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY,30(5),1422-1432. |
| MLA | Sullivan, Corwin,et al."THE ROLE OF THE CALCANEAL 'HEEL' AS A PROPULSIVE LEVER IN BASAL ARCHOSAURS AND EXTANT MONITOR LIZARDS".JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 30.5(2010):1422-1432. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
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