攀枝花市工业系统的生态适应性评价及其影响因素研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 许慧芳 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2012-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 方一平 |
| 关键词 | 攀枝花 工业系统 生态适应性评价 工业生态化 |
| 其他题名 | Evaluation Study of Ecological Adaptability and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors: A Case of the Industrial System in Panzhihua |
| 学位专业 | 人文地理 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文从资源型城市工业发展对资源的依赖与资源危机、环境恶化的矛盾入手，结合我国节能减排的基本国策，以及工业生态学的研究趋势——工业生态化。在探讨资源型城市（以攀枝花市为例）工业系统的资源、能源、环境支撑系统出现问题的背景下，十六届五中全会确定建设“资源节约型社会”和“环境友好型社会”为国民经济与社会发展中长期规划的战略任务的基础上，确立工业系统生态适应性评价体系，构建评价模型；综合分析攀枝花工业系统的生态适应程度和制约因素；进而提出工业系统生态化的调控措施和适应对策。主要研究结论如下:1)按照攀枝花市工业系统资源环境支撑特点，设计出工业系统生态适应能力评价指标体系，并采用层次分析法（AHP）计算各指标权重。按照3个层次筛选指标，包括物质减量指数、清洁生产指数、环境风险指数；用单位工业增加值中间投入反映工业系统消耗水平；清洁生产指数分为工业系统污染排放指标和工业系统污染处理指标两个方面，反映工业系统“三废”排放情况和处理水平；环境风险指数考虑了地形因子、生态因子、空间因子、灾害因子、环境监管力度5个方面，用12个指标分别反映山地城市地形特点，生态环境敏感性，地质灾害易发程度，工业系统空间水平，以及政府环境监管力度。依据工业生态学对“生态适应性”的理解，我们从工业系统对生态系统的影响与生态系统对工业系统的制约两个方面对工业系统生态适应性进行评价；工业对环境的影响分别从工业物质投入（物质减量适应）和工业“三废”排放（清洁生产适应）两个部分阐述，环境对工业发展的制约通过环境风险适应评价体现。物质减量适应性越高（单位工业增加值中间投入越少），清洁生产适应性越好（工业“三废”排放率越低，处理率越高），环境风险适应能力越强（地形因子影响越小，生态因子敏感性越小，地质灾害易发度越低，工业用地越少，政府环境监管力度越大），工业系统生态适应性就越好，反之则否。2) 分别对2000年-2009年攀枝花工业系统的生态适应程度进行分析，动态上看，攀枝花市工业系统生态适应性整体上呈现出逐渐变坏然后变好的趋势，生态系统脆弱性以中度脆弱为主，微度适应和强度适应所占面积次之。分别分析了地形坡度、生境敏感度、空间发展战略、工业活动区域分布、地质灾害易发度、物质减量指数、工业“三废”排放指数、“三废”处理指数、环境制度监管力度对生态适应性的影响。3)在构建工业系统生态适应性评价模型，系统分析攀枝花工业系统的生态适应程度的基础上，分别从技术、制度、环境、人类活动4个层面提出攀枝花工业系统生态化的调控措施和适应对策：1）攀枝花经济的发展与资源的利用是成正比关系的，但资源的不可再生性，必然会制约城市的可持续发展，根据适应性的分析也充分表现了这一状况，所以在攀枝花以后的发展过程中，矿产资源必须合理利用。2）加强采矿区环境现状调查依据调查分析所得到的引发采矿区环境变化的原因的不同而分别采用不同的恢复治理措施和方法，逐步提高采矿区环境恢复治理率。3）加大国家级苏铁自然保护区的监管力度和二滩国家森林公园的保护力度。减少人们的生产、生活活动对库区内森林资源的影响，提高水土保持能力，保护生物多样性。4）应该严格控制人口增长，减小人口压力，增强生态环境发展能力；同时应提高人口素质，增强发展经济和改善生态环境的智力支持，以此提高生态环境的持续能力。5）加强生态环境法制监管力度，建立环境执法公示制度，实施环境全过程监管，强化责任追究。 |
| 英文摘要 | The city, whose industry development is largely based on resources, has faced the crises of resources scarcity and environment deterioration. The sixteenth conference of Fifth Plenary Session ascertained building of “a resources-saving society” and “an environmental-friendly society” as the development goals. According to the problems of resources system, energy system and environmental system of those cities, the policy of energy saving and emissions reducing and the theory of industry ecology, a series of indices are determined to evaluate the adaptation of industry system in the city of Panzihua. The degree of ecology adaptation and the factors which limited the industry development of Panzihua are analyzed. Adapting Countermeasures and adjusting projects, which make the development of industry system more ecological, are raised. The main results are as follows: 1）According characteristics of the industrial system resources and the environment Support in Panzhihua City, design evaluation index system of ecological adaptability of industrial systems, and using the analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weight of each index. Screening indicators in accordance with the three levels, including material reduction index, index of cleaner production and environmental risk index. Basis on the understanding of industrial ecology ecological adaptability, we evaluate the ecological adaptability of the industrial system through two aspects of the industrial system impact on ecosystems and ecosystem constraints on the industrial system ; the Industrial impact on the environment were described from the two parts of theindustrial material inputs and industrial "three wastes" emissions, the environmental constraints on the industrial development was embodied by environmental risk adaption evaluation. 2) The degree of ecological adaptation and vulnerability are analyzed in the year of from 2000 to 2009. The results show that the degree of ecological adaptation is first decreasing and then increasing. The proportion of medium vulnerability area and strength vulnerability area is the second. Make analysis of many factors impact on the ecological adaptation：the terrain slope, the habitat sensitivity, spatial development strategy, industrial activities and regional distribution, the degree of geological disaster-prone, material reduction index, the industrial "three wastes" index of "three wastes" treatment index, and the degree of environmental system supervision. 3）We put forward Panzhihua industrial ecological control measures and adaptation responses: This can be fully performance by the adaptive analysis, thus mineral resources must be reasonable to use in the Panzhihua future development process. According to the survey analysis, different causes lead to mining areas of environmental change, we need to respectively using different recovery and management measures and methods, gradually increase environmental restoration and improvement in the mining areas. we are supposed to increase the supervision of the national Cycas Nature Reserve and put much effort to protect Ertan National Forest Park. we Should strictly control population growth, to enhance the development capacity of the ecological environment, at the same time, to improve the population quality, and enhance the development of the economy and improve the ecological environment of intellectual support in order to raise the sustained capacity of the ecological environment. Increase ecological environment Legal regulation, establish of the public system of environmental law enforcement, realize the whole process environmental supervision, and strengthen accountability. |
| 学科主题 | 人文地理学 ; 生态学 ; 环境学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2012-07-26 |
| 源URL | [http://192.168.143.20:8080/handle/131551/4160]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山区发展研究中心 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 许慧芳. 攀枝花市工业系统的生态适应性评价及其影响因素研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2012. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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