不同组成结构特征堰塞坝漫顶溃决过程与机理分析
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 邓明枫 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2011-05-21 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 陈宁生 |
| 关键词 | 堰塞坝 模型试验 溃决过程 溃决机理 |
| 其他题名 | Analysis of Overtopping Outburst Process and Mechanism for Barrier Dams with different Composition and Structure |
| 学位专业 | 岩土工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 5.12汶川地震形成了堰塞湖256个，危害严重。作者在广泛收集国内外研究现状的基础上，详细分析堰塞坝的溃决形式，结合对汶川地震灾区堰塞坝的野外考察和资料收集，选择四川省茂县宗渠堰塞坝为试验原型，以几何相似比1：100开展模型试验，研究堰塞坝的漫顶溃决过程，溃决机理，以及坝体组成结构特征对漫顶溃决过程的影响，得到以下结论： 1）研究了溃口在各个方向上的发展模式，单个陡坎的后退促使溃口在纵向上发展，多个陡坎的分层侵蚀促使溃口在垂向上发展，而水流的侧蚀和土体的崩滑则构成了溃口在横向上的发展。 2）研究了坝体密度和级配与溃口形式耦合特征，高密度坝体易形成窄浅式“矩形”溃口，粗级配坝体易形成宽浅式“倒梯形”溃口； 3）揭示了基于侵蚀速率和坡面地貌特征的坝体漫顶溃决侵蚀过程模式，整个过程模式顺序为下游坡面侵蚀、冲沟侵蚀、陡坎稳定侵蚀、陡坎加速侵蚀、陡坎减速侵蚀和常态化侵蚀过程； 4）研究了堰塞湖冲刷破坏的颗粒间剪切和孤粒起动两类动力学过程，探讨了坝体密度和级配影响侵蚀的过程与机理，即坝体密度通过颗粒间剪切，坝体级配通过孤粒起动影响侵蚀速率。 |
| 英文摘要 | The 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake induced about 256 barrier lakes, threatening people in the downstream. Based on the data collection and field investigation, the author chooses Zongqu Barrier dam as the prototype to conduct the model text, with a similar ratio being 1:100. In this dissertation, the overtopping outburst process, outburst mechanism and impact of the component and structure on outburst process are analyzed.Some conclusions are made as follows: 1) Analyzing the developing of the breach on three directions: immigrating of headcut produces the breach in the longitude way, in the vertical way by erosion of several headcuts by layers, and in the width way by lateral erosion of water flows and soil mass slide. 2) Analyzing the impact of dam density and particle size on breach: dam with higher density will have a rectangle, but shallower and narrower breach, and dam with coarser particles will have a trapezia, but shallower and wider breach. 3）Disclosing the outburst process steps based on erosion rate, including surface erosion, gully erosion, constant headcut erosion, accelerating headcut erosion, decelerating headcut erosion and normal state erosion. 4) Analyzing the two dynamic process during the overtopping process, including inter-particle failure and sole particle transportation, and disclosing the impact of dam density and particle size on erosion process and it’s mechanism, respectively through inter-particle failure and sole particle transportation. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-01-24 |
| 源URL | [http://192.168.143.20:8080/handle/131551/4837]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 邓明枫. 不同组成结构特征堰塞坝漫顶溃决过程与机理分析[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都山地灾害与环境研究所
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